BACKGROUND Atrazine and other triazine herbicides are widely used in US maize and sorghum production, yet the most recent market-level assessment of the economic benefits of atrazine is for market conditions prevalent in the early 1990s, before commercialization of transgenic crops. Grain markets have changed substantially since that time; for example, the size of the US maize market increased ...

Triazine herbicides belong to the group of the most widely used herbicides worldwide. In this review paper, encompassing mostly the relevant research and publications done in the last decade, the fate of triazine herbicides after their introduction in the environment will be discussed. They are transformed in a variety of transformation products after their application, and some of these produc...

Amendments are frequently added to agricultural soils to increase organic matter content. In this study, we examined the influence of alperujo, an olive oil mill waste, on the availability of two triazine herbicides, terbuthylazine and atrazine, in two different sandy soils, one from Sevilla, Spain, and the other from Minnesota. The effect of aging on herbicide sorption and bioavailability was ...

Herbicides are generally the most extensively used of the pesticides applied to agricultural crops. However, the literature contains little evidence useful in assessing the potential sources of the general population's exposure to herbicides, including by residential proximity to crops. The objective of this study was to take advantage of data from the PELAGIE mother-child cohort to identify th...

The reactivation of the Hill reaction in C 0 2-depleted broken chloroplasts by various concen­ trations of bicarbonate was measured in the absence and in the presence o f photosystem II herbicides. It appears that these herbicides decrease the apparent affinity o f the thylakoid membrane for bicarbonate. Different characteristics o f bicarbonate binding were observed in chloroplasts o f triazin...

Triazines are an important group of herbicides, which have been used extensively or selectively both in agricultural and non-agricultural areas worldwide for more than fifty years to control broadleaf and some grassy weeds. As a consequence of their massive application, they have become and remain significant environmental pollutants, especially in aquatic ecosystems. Fish are an integral part ...

The uptake of the triazine herbicides, atrazine and terbutryn, was determined for two freshwater photosynthetic microorganisms, the green microalga Chlorella vulgaris and the cyanobacterium Synechococcus elongatus. An extremely rapid uptake of both pesticides was recorded, although uptake rate was lower for the cyanobacterium, mainly for atrazine. Other parameters related to the herbicide bioco...

S-triazines are photosynthetic inhibitors. They have been substituted with co-aminoundecanoic acid. The coupling products have been transformed into triazine aldehydes. These com­ pounds displace radioactive terbutryn and have inhibitory effects on photosynthesis in plants and bacteria. Triazine aldehydes were shown to be effective substrates for bacterial luciferase. A competitive assay betwee...

Herbicide contamination from agriculture is a major issue worldwide, and has been identified as a threat to freshwater and marine environments in the Great Barrier Reef World Heritage Area in Australia. The triazine herbicides are of particular concern because of potential adverse effects, both on photosynthetic organisms and upon vertebrate development. To date a number of bioremediation strat...

Bacteria were isolated that could utilize quantitatively the s-triazine herbicide prometryne [N,N' -bis(1-methylethyl)-6-(methylthio)-1,3,5-triazine-2,4-diamine] or ametryne [N-ethyl-N'-(1-methylethyl)-6-(methylthio)-1,3,5-triazine- 2,4-diamine], or both, as a sole source of sulfur for growth. The success of enrichments depended on previous exposure of the soil inoculum to s-triazine herbicides...