Tragopogon comprises approximately 150 described species distributed throughout Eurasia from Ireland and the UK to India and China with a few species in North Africa. Most of the species diversity is found in Eastern Europe to Western Asia. Previous phylogenetic analyses identified several major clades, generally corresponding to recognized taxonomic sections, although relationships both among ...

UNLABELLED PREMISE OF THE STUDY Natural hybrids have formed in Pullman, Washington, United States between the recently formed allotetraploids Tragopogon miscellus and T. mirus. In addition to forming spontaneously, these hybrids are semifertile, propagating via achenes. Previous work indicated that the tetraploid hybrids have genetic contributions from three progenitor diploids: T. dubius, T...

We investigated concerted evolution of rRNA genes in multiple populations of Tragopogon mirus and T. miscellus, two allotetraploids that formed recurrently within the last 80 years following the introduction of three diploids (T. dubius, T. pratensis, and T. porrifolius) from Europe to North America. Using the earliest herbarium specimens of the allotetraploids (1949 and 1953) to represent the ...

Tragopogon dubious is a small herbaceous plant that uses the wind as dispersal vector for its seeds. The seeds are attached to stalked parachutes which increase the aerodynamic drag force on the seeds. This decreases their rate of descent, and hence increases the total distance traveled. The relatively large natural parachute of Tragopogon dubious is an ideal model in a biomimetic structure owi...

BACKGROUND Gastric ulcer is a serious digestive system problem and affects 5% to 10% of people during their life. Chemical antigastric ulcer drugs have side effect, cannot prevent recurrence of ulcer and also show drug interaction with many other medicaments. Tragopogon graminifolius DC.(TG) is a herb which is widely used in the west of Iran and traditionally consumed for the treatment of gastr...

Tragopogon L. (Cichorioideae, Lactuceae, Scorzonerinae) is an Old World genus with 150 species. Pollen morphology has proved useful in the systematics of some genera and species Asteraceae as well that its The pollen 24 taxa was investigated detail by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). grain type ranged from suboblate, oblate-spheroidal to prolate-spheroidal equatorial view hexagonal, obtuse-h...

Using a spatial lattice model of the Iterated Prisoner's Dilemma we studied the evolution of cooperation within the strategy space of all stochastic strategies with a memory of one round. Comparing the spatial model with a randomly mixed model showed that (1) there is more cooperative behaviour in a spatially structured population, (2) PAVLOV and generous variants of it are very successful stra...

In the frame of IGCP575 (International Geological Correlation Programme 575) a short well section of the AK-1X well (well name changed due to economic interests), located in the Amasra area of the Zonguldak Basin of NW Turkey (Fig. 1 A, B), has been revised. An atypical co-occurrence of palynological species such as Sinuspores sinuatus, Vestispora fenestrata, V. laevigata, Torispora securis, an...

Hybridization between plant species can generate novel morphological diversity and lead to speciation at homoploid or polyploid levels. Hybrids between biennial herbs Tragopogon pratensis and T. porrifolius have been studied in experimental and natural populations for over 250 years. Here we examine their current status in natural populations in southeast England. All hybrids found were diploid...