The cardiovascular effects of ranitidine were studied in 12 children with congenital heart disease who had been given tolazoline as a pulmonary vasodilator. Ranitidine was given as prophylaxis against gastrointestinal haemorrhage induced by tolazoline. Tolazoline 1-2 mg/kg caused significant falls in pulmonary and systemic vascular resistances and a rise in heart rate. After intravenous adminis...

The haemodynamic effects of infusion of epoprostenol (prostacyclin) and bolus injection of tolazoline were compared in a crossover study in 11 children with pulmonary hypertension caused by pulmonary vascular disease. The children were studied during cardiac catheterisation, while they were anaesthetised, paralysed, and ventilated with 100% oxygen. The order of drug administration was not rando...

Tolazoline hydrochloride was given as a pulmonary vasodilator to 20 preterm infants with severe hyaline membrane disease requiring mechanical ventilation who developed persistent severe hypoxaemia. The drug was only given when deterioration persisted despite changes in ventilation techniques and thus there were no control infants. A significant improvement in arterial oxygenation was observed, ...

In this paper we discuss two infants and one child who experienced a previously unreported complication after complete correction of a large, unrestrictive ventricular septal defect. Two patients had documented pulmonary hypertensive crises and severe right-heart failure secondary to hypoxia and pulmonary vasoconstriction. These crises were associated with significantly increased right ventricu...

After repair of a Bochdalek diaphragmatic hernia, shunting of blood away from the lungs produced progressive hypoxaemia in a neonate. Changes in plasma concentrations of the vasoconstrictor prostanoid thromboxane were associated with changes in pulmonary vascular resistance in this infant. Plasma concentrations of the vasodilator prostanoid prostacyclin were also monitored during acute changes ...

In this paper we discuss two infants and one child who experienced a previously unreported complication after complete correction of a large, unrestrictive ventricular septal defect. Two patients had documented pulmonary hypertensive crises and severe right-heart failure secondary to hypoxia and pulmonary vasoconstriction. These crises were associated with significantly increased right ventricu...

BACKGROUND Pulmonary hypertension results in increased morbidity and mortality in children after surgical repair of congenital heart defects. Various vasodilators have been unsuccessful in providing preferential pulmonary vasodilation in these patients. Identification of a more preferential pulmonary vasodilator would improve the assessment, management, and outcome of these children. To determi...

Effectiveness of E-643, a newly developed alpha-blocker, and four alpha-antagonists in blocking pre- and postsynaptic alpha-adrenoceptors were compared in the isolated rat vas deferens. The inhibitory effect of clonidine on the field-stimulated twitch response was antagonized in the presence of the alpha-antagonist. The order of affinity (pA2) for presynaptic alpha-receptors, as assessed from p...

Telazol–xylazine and ketamine–xylazine are versatile and safe drug combinations that are used frequently for chemical immobilization of cervids. Although neither combination consistently offers rapid induction and recovery, we hypothesized that a combination of Telazol, ketamine, and xylazine (TKX) would provide a safe and effective alternative for immobilization of white-tailed deer (Odocoileu...