a difference in salt concentration in two solutions separated by a membrane leads to an electrical potential difference across the membrane, also without applied current. a literature study is presented on proposed theories for the origin of this membrane potential (ϕm). the most well-known theoretical description is teorell-meyer-sievers (tms) theory, which we analyze and extend. experimental ...

A difference in salt concentration in two solutions separated by a membrane leads to an electrical potential difference across the membrane, also without applied current. A literature study is presented on proposed theories for the origin of this membrane potential (ϕm). The most well-known theoretical description is Teorell-Meyer-Sievers (TMS) theory, which we analyze and extend. Experimental ...

The description of transport phenomena in biological membranes is still unclear from the viewpoint of physical chemistry. Transport phenomena in ion exchange membranes can be controlled by several factors such as ionic concentration within the membrane, fixed charge concentration, solution composition, ionic fluxes, and water content. The ionic transport as well as distinctive selectivity is pr...

A realistic model of a fixed-charge membrane was constructed to elucidate the principles involved in the Teorell-Meyer-Sievers theory. Polyelectrolyte solutions (polystyrene sulfonic acid or gelatin) were used in a multicompartment cell to serve as the "membrane." The ionic concentration and potential differences between the compartments served as a finite increment approximation to a continuou...

The development of models that predict membrane performance has contributed a better understanding of the basic principles and mechanisms of solute rejection and deposition. It also serves as fundamental properties that allow specific characterization determination. This work fabricates hollow fiber membranes using Polyethersulfone (PES). The membranes were fabricated in-house using phase inver...

A realistic model of a fixed-charge membrane was constructed to elucidate the principles involved in the Teorell-Meyer-Sievers theory. Polyelectrolyte solutions (polystyrene sulfonic acid or gelatin) were used in a multicompartment cell to serve as the "membrane." The ionic concentration and potential differences between the compartments served as a finite increment approximation to a continuou...

A realistic model of a fixed-charge membrane was constructed to elucidate the principles involved in the Teorell-Meyer-Sievers theory. Polyelectrolyte solutions (polystyrene sulfonic acid or gelatin) were used in a multicompartment cell to serve as the "membrane." The ionic concentration and potential differences between the compartments served as a finite increment approximation to a continuou...

Reverse electrodialysis is a promising membrane technology to generate energy from controlled mixing of water streams different salinities. Electrical potentials on the ion exchange membranes (IEMs) when selective transport cations and anions across driven by concentration difference. The accurate determination developed IEMs critical fairly assess feasibility technology. Nernst–Planck–Poisson ...

The mechanical stability is an important phenomenon which governs many applications based properties of membranes. The inorganic materials of membrane may have been synthesized by qualitative the novel sol-gel or co-precipitation methods of material synthesis. The mMembranes of cobalt (CP) and nickel (NP) composites have been was designed by mixing of the polyvinyl chloride (PVC) with cobalt ph...