background: multiple sclerosis (ms) is a demyelinating disease of the central nervous system and cytokines may play a role in the development of ms lesions. objective: to determine levels of different cytokines in patients with relapsing-remitting ms (rr-ms) compared to healthy controls. methods: profiles of pro-inflammatory, th1-, th2-, and th17-related cytokines were compared by quantitative ...

background: although many experimental studies provide convincing evidence that type ii immunity is protective against helminths, recent data in mice demonstrate that th1 is also impor-tant in some cestodes like hymenolepis nana. objective: to identify the role of th1 and th2 lymphocytes in immunity against h. nana, the levels of il-12, ifnγ, il-5, and il-13 were de-termined in serum of humans ...

background t-helper (th) lymphocyte cytokine production may be important in the immune pathogenesis of hepatitis c virus (hcv) infections. th1 cytokines such as; interleukin- 2 (il-2), and interferon gamma (ifn-gamma) are necessary for host antiviral immune responses, while th2 cytokines (il-4, il-10) can inhibit the development of these effector mechanisms. objectives the aim of the present st...

gamma irradiation is routinely used for suppression of lymphocyte function in transfusion and transplantation procedures. in recent years, some investigators focused on the effects of ionizing radiation on special aspects of lymphocyte function and considered the possibility of its clinical application for treatment of some immunological disorders. in this study, we evaluated the effects of fiv...

background : the current study was designed to evaluate immune responses induced by dna vaccines encoding 8-kda subunit of antigen b (hydi) of echinococcus granulosus and murine interleukin 12 (il-12) as genetic adjuvants in balb/c mice. methods : expression plasmid pcdna3.1 containing hydi (pchyd1) as vaccine along with the murine interleukin 12 (pcmil12) as adjuvant were used. thirty-five mic...

background: the aim of this study was to determine the th1 and th2 serum cytokines, in patients with psoriasis and to com pare their cytokine levels with those of normal control subjects. methods: serum levels of interferon-gamma (ifn-γ), interleukin-2 (il-2), interleukin-4 (il-4), and interleukin-10 (il-10) were measured by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay in 40 patients with psoriasis and in...

Background: Salivary gland tumors are among malignancies that have high recurrence rate. Immune responses in salivary gland tumors have not been well elucidated. T helper type 1 (Th1) and Th2 cytokines have been reported to play a role in the outcome of head and neck cancers. Objective: To evaluate the serum levels of interferon gamma (IFN- γ), as the hallmark of Th1 cytokines, and interleukin-...

Background: Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a demyelinating disease of the central nervous system and cytokines may play a role in the development of MS lesions. Objective: To determine levels of different cytokines in patients with relapsing-remitting MS (RR-MS) compared to healthy controls. Methods: Profiles of pro-inflammatory, Th1-, Th2-, and Th17-related cytokines were compared by quantitative ...