BACKGROUND Swirl sign has previously been described in epidural hematomas as areas of low attenuation, radiolucency or irregular density. The aims of this study were to describe swirl sign in ICH, study its prevalence, study the reliability of the subjective evaluation on computed tomography (CT), and to explore its prognostic value. METHODS CTs of 203 patients with ICH were retrospectively e...

Computational Fluid Dynamic (CFD) simulations using the AVL Fire and Kiva 3v codes were performed to examine commonly accepted techniques and assumptions used when simulating direct injection diesel engines. Simulations of a steady state impulse swirl meter validated the commonly used practice of evaluating the swirl ratio of diesel engines by integrating the valve flow and torque history over ...

An investigation into in-cylinder swirl and tumble flow characteristics with reduced maximum valve lifts (MVL) is presented. The experimental work was conducted in the modified four-valve optical spark-ignition (SI) test engine with three different MVL. Particle image velocimetry (PIV) was employed for measuring in-cylinder air motion and measurement results were analyzed for examining flow fie...

A predictive model for droplet size and velocity distributions of a pressure swirl atomizer has been proposed based on the maximum entropy formalism (MEF). The constraint conditions of the MEF model include the conservation laws of mass, momentum, and energy. The effects of liquid swirling strength, Weber number, gas-to-liquid axial velocity ratio and gas-to-liquid density ratio on the droplet ...

The central recirculation zone (CRZ) in a swirl stabilized gas turbine combustor has a dominant effect on the fuel air mixing process and flame stability. Most of state of the art swirlers share one disadvantage; the fixed swirl number for the same swirler configuration. Thus, in a mathematical sense, Reynolds number becomes the sole parameter for controlling the flow characteristics inside the...

A newly developed heavy duty diesel engine in dual fuel mode of operation has been studied in detail. The main fuel would be natural gas and diesel oil as pilot injection. The importance and effects of mixture preparation and formation through ports, valves and in cylinder flow field with different swirl ratio and tumble on diesel combustion phenomena is an accepted feature which has been studi...

a newly developed heavy duty diesel engine in dual fuel mode of operation has been studied in detail. the main fuel would be natural gas and diesel oil as pilot injection. the importance and effects of mixture preparation and formation through ports, valves and in cylinder flow field with different swirl ratio and tumble on diesel combustion phenomena is an accepted feature which has been studi...

The objective of this work is to investigate the turbulent reacting flow in a three dimensional combustor with emphasis on the effect of inlet swirl flow through a numerical simulation. Flow field is analyzed using the SIMPLE method which is known as stable as well as accurate in the combustion modeling, and the finite volume method is adopted in solving the radiative transfer equation. In this...

Increasing interest has been given to swirl brakes as a means of reducing destabilizing rotordynamic.forces due to leakage flows in new high speed rocket turbopumps. Although swirl brakes have been used successfully in practice {such as with the Space Shuttle HPOTP), no experimental tests until now have been pegormed to demonstrate their beneficial effect over a range of leakage flow rates. The...