Europe’s smart metering initiative may be the largest engineering project ever undertaken in the region; it is significantly larger than the Channel Tunnel. The European Parliament mandated the replacement of electricity meters with new ‘smart’ meters by 2022, except in Member States who certify this year that it would be uneconomic. This project could cost over $100 billion, and will involve n...

The meter had its origin in August of 1793 when the Republican Government of France decreed the unit of length to be 10 of the earth's quadrant passing through Paris and that the unit be called the meter. Five years later, the survey of the arc was completed and three platinum standards and several iron copies of the meter were made. Subsequent examination showed the length of the earth's quadr...

This paper focuses on the surface contamination control of slightly contaminated property after the Fukushima nuclear accident. The operational level for the unconditional release of contaminated properties is calculated in counts per minute (cpm) to enable the use of a typical Geiger-Muller (GM) survey meter with a 50-mm bore, on the basis of the surficial clearance level of 10 Bq cm(-2) for (...

A light-weight portable neutron survey meter was developed using a mixed organic gas counter for dose management at nuclear power plants and accelerator facilities. This survey meter, NSN31041, is ~2 kg in weight and W160×H250×L300 mm(3) in size, which is capable of measuring neutron ambient dose equivalent rate from thermal to 15 MeV neutrons. The neutron energy response of the survey meter is...