background: oleuropein is a phenolic compound which is present in the olive leaf extract. the purpose of the present study was to investigate the neuroprotective effect of oleuropein as an antioxidant agent on the substantia nigra in aged rats. methods: twenty 18-month-old wistar rats (450-550 g) were randomly divided into control and experimental groups. the experimental group received a daily...

neuromelanin (nm) pigment accumulates with age in catecholaminergic neurons in man, and the ventral substantia nigra dopaminergic neurons that are the most vulnerable to degeneration in parkinson's disease (pd) contain the greatest amount of this pigment. in vitro data indicate that nm pigment is formed from the excess cytosolic catecholamine that is not accumulated into synaptic vesicles via t...

OBJECTIVE Our objective is to determine the value of enhanced substantia nigra echo in the diagnosis of Parkinson's disease by analyzing the intensity and area of substantia nigra echo by transcranial Doppler sonography (TCS). PATIENTS AND METHODS 36 patients diagnosed as ultra early stage Parkinson's disease between 2013 November and 2014 August were selected as the disease group, and 32 hea...

parkinson's disease is a degenerative disorder of the central nervous system. the motor symptoms of parkinson's disease result from the death of dopamine-generating cells in the substantia nigra, a region of the midbrain the cause of this cell death is unknown. homocysteine (hcy) is a non-protein amino acid. it is a homologue of the amino acid cysteine. the elevated levels of homocysteine in pl...

The detection of an enlarged echogenic size ("hyperechogenicity") of the substantia nigra on transcranial sonography is increasingly used for the early and differential diagnosis of Parkinson disease. However, the diagnostic value of substantia nigra sonography depends on the quality of its execution. This article with an accompanying video presents a step-by-step description and demonstration ...

background and objective: parkinson’s disease (pd) is a rather common neurological disorder in elders that is due to degeneration of dopaminergic neurons within mesencephalic substantia nigra pars compacta. with regard to protective and antioxidant effect of simvastatin, this study was conducted to evaluate its neuroprotective effect in an experimental model of pd. materials and methods: in thi...

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Although it is important to evaluate the substantia nigra in patients with parkinsonian syndrome, it is difficult to depict its anatomy, even by MR imaging. Using anatomic studies of the direction of nerve fibers around the substantia nigra, we attempted to depict this entity with multishot diffusion-weighted MR imaging to evaluate its topographic changes in patients with...

low frequency stimulation (lfs) is a potential alternative therapy for epilepsy. however, it seems that the anticonvulsant effects of lfs depend on its target sites in the brain. thus, the present study was designed to compare the anticonvulsant effects of lfs administered to amygdala, piriform cortex and substantia nigra on amygdala kindling acquisition. in control group, rats were kindled in ...