this paper presents a nonlinear model of a clamped-clamped microbeam actuated by an electrostatic load with stretching and thermoelastic effects. the frequency of free vibration is calculated by discretization based on the differential quadrature (dq) method. by separating the real and imaginary parts of frequency, the quality factor of thermoelastic damping is calculated. both the stretching a...

Spacetime stretching is included in the general relativity alongside with the spacetime curvature. Response of the vacuum to cosmic stretching is considered as macroscopic quantum effect. This effect explains the accelerated expansion of the Universe without resorting to Plank scale. For negative stretching (collapse) the same effect can prevent formation of singularity. Stretching effect can b...

the purpose of the present study was to investigate whether duration of static stretching could affect the maximal voluntary contraction (mvc) and flexibility of hamstring muscles. 10 male physical education students randomly performed three warm-up protocols on different days. the protocols included: a) five minutes of treadmill run and 45 seconds (3×15 seconds) of static stretching of hamstri...

Background: For decades, static stretching has been the standard benchmark for training programs, because it has been shown to increase flexibility compared with other methods of stretching. Objective: The current study investigated and compared the effects of active dynamic stretching and passive static stretching on hamstring tightness. Me...

The Wingate Anaerobic Test (WAnT) has been used in many studies to determine anaerobic performance. However, there has been poor reporting of warm-up protocols and limited consistency between warm-up methods that have been used. With the WAnT being such a commonly-used test, consistency in warm-up methods is essential in order to compare results across studies. Therefore, this study was designe...

abstract background: hypertension in pregnancy is one of the prevalent disorders resulting in maternal death. the aim of this study was to investigate the effect of stretching exercise and walking on changes of blood pressure in nulliparous women during pregnancy. materials and methods: this was a quasi-experimental trial that consisted three groups of women who took part in pre- and post-tests...

Purpose: Everything that impairs joint proprioception system can harm joints. It has been stated that stretching exercises can change properties of the proprioceptive receptors and as a result changes the sensibility of the joints proprioception. Due to fact that static stretching has greater use between athletes, it is necessary to give useful information about the safety of these stretch...