Background: So far seven types of the genus malassezia have been known. Except for one kind, the rest are normal flora of human skin, which under certain circumstances, cause or trigger eleven diseases. One of the side effects of topical and systemic steroid is steroid acne. Objective: This study was conducted to evaluate the association of pityrosporum ovale (Malassezia) and steroid acne...

OBJECTIVE To identify unsupervised anabolic steroid regimens used by athletes. METHODS 100 athletes attending four gymnasia were surveyed using an anonymous self administered questionnaire. RESULTS Anabolic steroid doses ranged from 250 to 3200 mg per week and users combined different drugs to achieve these doses. Injectable and oral preparations were used in cycles lasting four to 12 weeks...

Acne has a prevalence of over 90% among adolescents and persists into adulthood in approximately 12%-14% of cases with psychological and social implications. Possible outcomes of the inflammatory acne lesions are acne scars which, although they can be treated in a number of ways, may have a negative psychological impact on social life and relationships. The main types of acne scars are atrophic...

A 22-year-old male with extensive steroid-dependent/azathioprine-refractory ulcerative colitis and preexistent severe refractory acne pustolosa (AP) was successfully treated with adalimumab for both conditions. Severe AP could be considered a further indication, instead of a relative restriction, to anti-TNFα in steroid-dependent IBD patients needing therapy with this class of drugs.

Post-inflammatory hyperpigmentation after acne can be as troublesome as the acne itself. Hydroquinone, a tyrosinase inhibitor, in a 4% cream can be used safely twice daily for up to 6 months to treat post-inflammatory hyperpigmentation. The efficacy of this treatment can be enhanced by using a retinoid nightly and a mid-potent steroid, which is applied twice daily for 2 weeks, then at weekends ...

Acne is a multifactorial dermatosis, which is influenced not only by hormones but also by the biochemical relationship between them and the pilosebaceous unit. Inflammatory cytokines, chemokines, active oxygen, and zinc are known to be associated with the development of acne. Further, steroid metabolism is known as one of the important factors related to sebum secretion and comedone formation i...

Kenya: cross-sectional community survey Acne vulgaris is a common chronic inflammatory condition of the pilosebaceous glands. Acne is estimated to affect 9.4% of the world’s population with the highest prevalence in adolescents. The incidence of acne varies among countries and between ethnic groups. In the general population, the prevalence of acne ranges from 0.1% in northern Tanzania to a hig...