A new model has been developed for multicommodity transportation and supply chain problems including stepwise constant costs. The model is expressed as an MILP problem. The modelling equations are presented here. The new model has been tested on multicommodity problem of SABMiller Europe, and compared to other methods from the literature. A feasibility checking method has been developed for lar...

abstract some issues such as dehydration, local and chronological disproportion of rainfall, low productivity of water in agricultural sector, increasing demand for agricultural products due to increase in population participate with doughtiness are the most challenges of agricultural water. these factors caused water to be as one of the important and scarce inputs is agricultural products. the...

this study analyses the concept of cost functions for semi-automated straddle carrier (sc), rubber tyred gantry (rtg) and automated rail mounted gantry (rmg) container yard operating cranes. it develops a generic cost based model for a pair-wise comparison, analysis and evaluation of economic efficiency and effectiveness of container yard equipment to be used for decision-making by terminal pla...

In concatenative synthesis the join cost function can be related to the probability of a perceived discontinuity at the join. Therefore it is important that the distance measures in the cost function correlate highly with human perceived discontinuities. In this paper the results of a listening test on joins in two Norwegian long vowels: /A:/ and /e:/, is presented. Five spectral distance measu...

Stepwise Gradient Descent (SGD) algorithms for online optimization converge to local minima of the relevant cost function. In this paper a globally convergent modification of SGD is proposed, in which several solutions of SGD are run in parallel, together with online estimates of the cost function and its gradient. As each SGD estimate reaches a local minimum of the cost, the fitness of the mem...

In this paper, we address a new version of the Uncapacitated Single Allocation p-Hub Median Problem (USApHMP) in which transportation costs on each edge are given by piecewise constant cost functions. In the classical USApHMP, transportation costs are modelled as linear functions of the transport volume, where a fixed discount factor on hubhub connections is introduced to simulate economies of ...

abstract level of groundwater is decreased which is mainly because, withdrawal of groundwater is increased, because of lack of right management. economics of rural based farming and farming is dependent of water so decreasing of groundwater effects social welfare. in this study decrease of welfare measure by reason of reduction of groundwater level considered. this study investigated the impact...

abstract the production unit size is one of the effective factors in optimum uses of inputs. since optimum size is affected by the characters and economical conditions in each district, the studies for determining the optimum farm size should be done specially for each crop and each district. in this study tried to determine the optimum rice farm size in guilan province which is one of the most...