Aluminum and magnesium alloys are of materials for decreasing vehicle weight and consequently reducing fuel consumption. However, forming limitations regarding their low formability at room temperature are found when being manufactured by conventional forming processes. For this reason, development of new forming techniques, such as warm tube hydroforming, is needed to overcome such limitations...

A new ultrasonic suction pump is described in this paper. The pump uses suction force of the rigid cylinder tube vibrating at an ultrasonic frequency and has no physically moving parts. The pump is consists of a longitudinal bolt-clamped Langevin transducer (BLT) combined with a stepped horn working at its resonance frequency of 24 kHz. A glass tube of the half-wavelength-resonance length is gl...

A perforated plate with stepwise apertures (PPSA) is proposed to improve sound absorption for low frequencies. In contrast an ordinary insufficient acoustic resistance and small mass, the stepped holes could match of air characteristic impedance also moderately increase mass especially at Prototypes made by 3D printing technology are tested in tube. The measured results agree well that predicti...

Manufacturing and Testing techniques were investigated for the development of efficient joining of composite tubes. The stepped lap joining arrangements were studied. Finite element models were developed using ANSYS finite element code for predicting the stress distribution of the joint under the applied loads. Tubes made of graphite/epoxy were considered. The tubes were tested under both tensi...

In the present study, flow over flat and pooled stepped spillways was simulated three dimensionally. The VOF method and k- ε (RNG) turbulent model was used to simulate the flow over the stepped spillway. The results indicated that the numerical model was acceptably capable of simulating the flow over the pooled and flat stepped spillways for different discharges. Following that, the effect of d...

Dual maps have been introduced as a generalization to higher dimensions of word substitutions and free group morphisms. In this paper, we study the action of these dual maps on particular discrete planes and surfaces – namely stepped planes and stepped surfaces. We show that dual maps can be seen as discretizations of toral automorphisms. We then provide a connection between stepped planes and ...