Recycling of by-products of the steelmaking process in electric arc (EAF) furnaces is an important activity from the perspective of environmental protection as well as the steelmaking industry itself. This article is a discussion concerning the selected research results in terms of utilisation of steelmaking dusts containing 4 12 % of zinc in manufacture of cement bricks, ceramic construction m...

Rare earth metals are used in semiconductors, solar cells and catalysts. This review focuses on the background of oxide metallurgy technologies, the chemical and physical properties of rare earth (RE) metals, the background of oxide metallurgy, the functions of RE metals in steelmaking, and the influences of RE metals on steel microstructures. Future prospects for RE metal applications in steel...

The problem of the prediction of a critical situation during continuous casting in common steelmaking practice is faced through different traditional soft–computing techniques: the task is to divide the data in two classes corresponding to good and bad casting behaviour respectively. Moreover, a novel algorithm, the Model–based method, is presented. The performance obtained by the different tec...

Henry Marion Howe was one of the first to apply modern scientific methods to improve understanding of the art of steelmaking. After spending hours carefully observing details of plant operation, he was not afraid to express controversial opinions, and he created ideas that had practical impact on real steelmaking and casting processes. In the same spirit as Howe’s thought-provoking landmark pap...

Polybrominated dibenzo-p-dioxins and dibenzofurans (PBDD/Fs) and polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) were characterized and quantified in stack gas from secondary ventilation systems from five different steelmaking plants. The concentrations of 2,3,7,8-substituted PBDD/Fs (2,3,7,8-PBDD/Fs) and PBDEs were 0.036–0.19 ng/Nm (0.32–4.33 pg toxic equivalency (TEQ)/Nm) and 3.11–40.0 ng/Nm, respecti...

................................................................................................................... IV APPENDED PAPERS .................................................................................................... VI RELATED PUBLICATIONS........................................................................................ VII TABLE OF CONTENTS ..............................

Steelmaking processes consume a lot of energy and materials, therefore researchers are constantly looking for new ways of reducing the consumption of resources in the production processes. The main purpose of the article is to present abiotic resource depletion the in steel production in the case of integrated steelmaking route in Poland and its role in life cycle assessment. There are differen...

In modern steelmaking the duration of a working campaign for a blast furnace is related to the life of the crucible. Adding titanium oxide has been a frequent practice in the operation routines for modern blast furnaces, seeking the protection of the crucible walls, independently from its physical or chemical characteristics. These practices, as conventional operation of iron and steelmaking in...

smelting of hammerable iron and its treatment in antiquity and Medieval produced also by-product: slag. Because of small yields of iron the process produced only small amounts of slag that did not attract attention of smelters concerning its possible use. the use of slag pieces was only accidental. a lot of slag pieces and blocks from slag pit shaft furnaces were used as a material for mound bu...

Shape is a key characteristic to determine the quality of outgoing flat-rolled products in the steel industry. It is greatly influenced by flatness, a feature to describe how the surface of a rolled product approaches a plane. Flatness is of the utmost importance in steelmaking, since it is used by most downstream processes and customers for the acceptance or rejection of rolled products. Flatn...