A square splittered and unsplittered rod is placed in a turbulent boundary layer developed over a flat plate. The effect of the resulting disturbances on the local heat transfer coefficient is then studied. In both cases the square rod modifies the flow structure inside the boundary layer. As a result, a stagnation point, a jet and wake area are generated around the square rod, each making a co...

We propose, demonstrate and investigate highly compact circulators with ultra-low insertion loss in square-lattice- square-rod-photonic-crystal waveguides. Only a single magneto- optical square rod is required to be inserted into the cross center of waveguides, making the structure very compact and ultra efficient. The square rods around the center defect rod are replaced by several right-angle...

In this study, the wetting behavior of fluid onto horizontal square rod array is numerically investigated. The dimension referred to actual stator coil an automobile. computational parameters are gap and viscosity investigate dependency structure property. three-dimensional phase-field lattice Boltzmann method used both for flow phase transport. As increases, number area decrease, in axial dire...

In this experiment, κ, the thermal conductivity of a rod of brass, was measured by periodically heating one end of the rod. Turning the heater attached to the rod on and off with a 10 mHz square wave signal, waves of heat were sent along the length of the rod, measured by two thermistors a distance ∆x apart. Taking these temperatures as a function of time, a Fourier transform was applied to a 1...

Rod modulation of an annular surround can produce brightness contrast in a test field centered at 100 from the fovea. In our research, stimuli originated from a colorimeter that provided 4 primaries in both the circular test and the annular surround fields, and allowed independent modulation of the rods and each of the short (S)-, middle (M)-, and long (L)-wavelength-sensitive cone types. The c...

This paper reports on a Joule-level multi-pass laser amplification device with diode end-pumped square-rod neodymium glass (Nd:glass) bonded to K9 glass. The generated 1.17 J pulse energy at 1 Hz and 1053 nm. optical-to-optical efficiency was 13.01%, the effective extraction 44.23%. Comparing Nd:glass of same specification without under conditions, thermal wave aberration former 85.71% that lat...

The winding of a single polymer in thermal equilibrium around a repulsive cylindrical obstacle is perhaps the simplest example of statistical mechanics in a multiply connected geometry. As shown by S.F. Edwards, this problem is closely related to the quantum mechanics of a charged particle interacting with a Aharonov-Bohm flux. In another development, Pollock and Ceperley have shown that boson ...

in iran, onion plants are currently broadcast over the majority of onion fields and weeding and harvesting are done manually by seasonal workers. at harvest time, 40 worker-days are required to onion dig just one hectare. this cost could be saved if the operation could be carried out by machine. rear-mounted diggers can only be implemented if 40 cm spacing between rows is allowed for each tract...

A 2D photonic crystal optical switch is proposed based on a rods-in-air square-lattice photonic crystal by removing two cross-lines of rods from a 2D square-lattice photonic crystal to form four optical channels. The simulation results show that, when inserting a single rod along the diagonal line of the intersection area of two removed cross-lines of rods, the position of the single inserted r...