objective: salmonellosis is a bacterial disease with a rising prevalence in the cattle industry. it is most common in dairy calves one to ten weeks of age. salmonellosis has a serious economic impact on the cattle industry worldwide. methods: in may 2013, a three months old male holstein calf with the history of lateral recumbency was referred to veterinary hospital with severe depression, cach...

autoimmune lymphoproliferative syndrome is a disorder of lymphoid system regulation characterized by chronic splenomegaly, lymphadenopathy and autoimmune phenomena especially immune-mediated cytopenias. the hallmark of the disease is the presence in peripheral blood and lymphoid tissue of increased numbers of a normally rare t lymphocyte subset, usually referred to as “double-negative” t cells....

Splenomegaly, sometimes of massive extent, occurs in a large number of hereditary diseases, some relatively prevalent and others, rare to ultra-rare. Because physicians are often unfamiliar with the less common disorders, patients may suffer because of diagnostic delay or diagnostic error and may undergo invasive, non-innocuous procedures such as splenectomy that are potentially avoidable were ...