Although initially originated as a totally empirical relationship to explain the volume of trade between two partners, gravity equation has been the focus of several theoretic models that try to explain it. Specialization models are of great importance in providing a solid theoretic ground for gravity equation in bilateral trade. Some research papers try to improve specialization models by addi...

there are different studies in urban literature on the determinants of urban growth, from the theoretical and empirical points of view. the most completed theoretical model is henderson model (1988, 1997, and 1999), which is tested by some empirical studies. as henderson model shows, the set of national product, specialization and technological progress are the determinants of urban growth. usi...

Abstract We define the notion of a specialization morphism from locally noetherian analytic adic space to scheme. This captures (classical) associated with formal There is well-behaved theory compactifications and it turns out that classical proper in this setup. As an application, we show nearby cycles functor commutes lower shriek great generality.

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