1 Cohen Geochemistry Group, Earth Surface Science Institute, School of Earth and Environment, Faculty of Environment, University of Leeds, Leeds, United Kingdom, 2 Rock-Water Interaction Group, Institute of Geological Sciences, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland, 3 Interface Geochemistry, German Research Centre for Geosciences, Potsdam, Germany, 4 Nano-Science Centre, Department of Chemistry...

[1] Experimental data for alteration of synthetic Martian basalts at pH = 0–1 indicate that chemical fractionations at low pH are vastly different from those observed during terrestrial weathering. Rock surface analyses from Gusev crater are well described by the relationships apparent from low-pH experimental alteration data. A model for rock surface alteration is developed, which indicates th...

Babolsar eastern coastal dunes have been developed along the southern coast of the Caspian Sea. The studied area is coordinated in N36°43' to N36°44' latitude and E52°44' to E52°52' longitude. The objectives of this research were to: Study mineralogy and geochemistry of sand dunes, to obtain chemical alteration index (CIA) and its relationship to climate and mineralogy, to de...

In classic theory, the natural gas generated by organic matter (OM) would become dry with the increase of source rock maturity [1]. Meanwhile, the carbon isotope of gas would become heavy during the evolution process of source rock [2-4]. However, some new characteristics of geochemistry appear in shale gas found in shale with over maturity, such as the isotopic rollover, partial reversal and f...

The characterization of metal release and attenuation in mining waste rock drainage has traditionally relied upon an array of mineralogical and geochemical techniques. Recent advances in analytical instrumentation now allow robust measurements of minute variations in the isotopic composition of metals in environmental samples, which have become a powerful new tracer of their fate. Here we provi...

Microbial abundance and diversity in deep subsurface environments is dependent upon the availability of energy and carbon. However, supplies of oxidants and reductants capable of sustaining life within mafic and ultramafic continental aquifers undergoing low-temperature water-rock reaction are relatively unknown. We conducted an extensive analysis of the geochemistry and microbial communities r...

The mineralogy and geochemistry of Paleocene shales and interbedded siltstones in the southwestern of Ahar town (NW Iran) were studied by optical microscopy, XRD, SEM, XRF, and ICP-MS techniques. The mineralogical composition, mainly characterized by calcite, quartz, feldspar, dolomite, muscovite, magnesiohornblende, chlorite, illite, montmorionite, palygorskite, and koninckite, suggests relati...

Polar ice core records attest to a colossal volcanic eruption that took place ca. A.D. 1257 or 1258, most probably in the tropics. Estimates based on sulfate deposition in these records suggest that it yielded the largest volcanic sulfur release to the stratosphere of the past 7,000 y. Tree rings, medieval chronicles, and computational models corroborate the expected worldwide atmospheric and c...

The middle Sarvak formation (Cenomanian) is one of the stratigraphic units of the Bangestan group in the south of Iran. This formation is stratigraphically equivalent to the Ahmadi member of Kuwait and Iraq. There is geochemical evidence that indicates this unit has a high level of organic richness and can be a possible source rock in various locations. This study focuses on the organic geochem...