Nanomaterials tend to agglomerate in aqueous media, resulting in inaccurate safety assessment of the biological response to these substances. The present study searched for suitable dispersion methods for the preparation of nanomaterial suspensions. Titanium dioxide (TiO2) and zinc oxide (ZnO) nanoparticles were dispersed in a biocompatible dispersion medium by direct probe-type sonicator and i...

The hydroxyl radical (OH•) is a powerful oxidant produced as a consequence of cavitation in water. It can react nonspecifically in breaking down persistent organic pollutants in water into their mineral form. It can also recombine to form hydrogen peroxide which is very useful in water treatment. In this study, terephthalic acid (TA) and potassium iodide dosimetry were used to quantify and inve...

Cooling is one of the most important challenges in industries, especially in the automotive industry. The coolant which is used in engine radiators possesses lower thermal conductivity. To enhance the thermal properties, coolant was dispersed in nano-sized particles and the fluid is called as Nanofluid. In this Study, Silica Nanoparticle was dispersed in Paraflu Engine coolant usin...

Benzyl alcohol used as the sample preparation solvent in the determination of residual solvents in pharmaceutical bulks yielded benzene, toluene, and benzaldehyde on capillary gas chromatography (GC) by sonication. The factors responsible for compounds generated are discussed. The quality of benzyl alcohol and the type of sonicator were not involved in the generation of benzene, toluene, and be...

The hydroxyl radical (OH•) is a powerful oxidant produced as a consequence of cavitation in water. It can react nonspecifically in breaking down persistent organic pollutants in water into their mineral form. It can also recombine to form hydrogen peroxide which is very useful in water treatment. In this study, terephthalic acid (TA) and potassium iodide dosimetry were used to quantify and inve...

Preconcentration of Cd in water has been carried out using Dowex 50WX2-200 resin as a solid phase extractor. The extraction process was with sonicator. Elution which adsorbed by the released again 1M HNO3, then measured Flame-Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer. In this study, effects pH, sample solutian sonication time, elution time and eluent volume were studied. results optimization preconce...

the hydroxyl radical (oh•) is a powerful oxidant produced as a consequence of cavitation in water. it can react nonspecifically in breaking down persistent organic pollutants in water into their mineral form. it can also recombine to form hydrogen peroxide which is very useful in water treatment. in this study, terephthalic acid (ta) and potassium iodide dosimetry were used to quantify and inve...

Liquid Phase Exfoliation (LPE) is a common route to produce two-dimensional MoS2 nanosheets. In this research, powder exfoliated by an ultrasonic probe (sonicator) in water-ethanol solution. It reported that as prototype 2D Transition Metal Dichalcogenide, has band gap increases with decreasing number of layers. There are some factors affect the average energy value and thickness flakes. We var...

The medical applications of carbon nanotubes (CNTs) have garnered much attention. However, evaluating the safety of CNTs remains difficult, and no consensus has been reached. Moreover, assessing the biosafety of multi-walled CNTs (MWCNTs), which can become tangled during manufacturing, is challenging because they do not readily disperse. We studied how the dispersion state of tangled MWCNTs aff...