numerous investigations have been devoted towards understanding the hydrodynamics of gas jets in fluidized beds. however, most of them address the problem from  macroscopic point of view, which does not reveal the true behavior in the jet region at the single particle level. the present work aims to understand the jet behavior from a more fundamental level, i.e. the individual particle level. a...

Palm oil mill effluent (POME) poses a great threat to the environment. However, it contains valuable resources such as energy, water and nutrients that could be recovered for sustainable development. Currently, anaerobic digester has been employed to recover the energy potential in POME. However, the presence of suspended solids in the digestate hinders the downstream nutrients recovery process...

The present investigation is based on the idea of intensifying the gas-solids contact in a circulating fluidized bed by introducing obstacles into it. Such obstacles may effectively suppress radial inhomogeneities in the solids flux and concentration, increase the dynamic solids hold-up, and break up solids clusters. This article (Part I) deals with the hydrodynamics (pressure drop and solids h...

The effectiveness of microfiltration (MF) and ultrafiltration (UF) for nutrient recovery from a thin stillage stream was determined. When a stainless steel MF membrane (0.1microm pore size) was used, the content of solids increased from 7.0% to 22.8% with a mean permeate flux rate of 45L/m(2)/h (LMH), fat increased and ash content decreased. UF experiments were conducted in batch mode under con...

The underlying objective of the present study is to increase gas-solids contact in a circulating fluidized bed by the introduction of obstacles in the riser portion. The presence of such obstacles leads to suppression of radial inhomogeneities in the solids mass flux and concentration, and break-up of solids clusters. At ambient conditions, gas-solids mass transfer was investigated for cocurren...

The industrial process of continuous sedimentation of solid particles in a liquid takes place in a clarifier-thickener unit, which is a large tank with a feed inlet somewhere in the middle and outlets at the top and bottom. For half a century the constitutive assumption by Kynch has provided a platform from which steadystate mass-balance considerations have been used to obtain rules and graphic...

Numerous investigations have been devoted towards understanding the hydrodynamics of gas jets in fluidized beds. However, most of them address the problem from  macroscopic point of view, which does not reveal the true behavior in the jet region at the single particle level. The present work aims to understand the jet behavior from a more fundamental level, i.e. the individual particle leve...

Water sustainability is essential for meeting human needs for drinking water and sanitation in both developing and developed countries. Reuse, decentralization, and low energy consumption are key objectives to achieve sustainability in wastewater treatment. Consideration of these objectives has led to the development of new and tailored technologies in order to balance societal needs with the p...

From a theoretical investigation of the continuity of wastewater organic (COD) and N compounds along the links connecting the primary settling tank (PST), fully aerobic or N removal activated sludge (AS) treating raw and settled wastewater and aerobic digestion unit operations, it was found that the PS characteristics, viz. the biodegradable and unbiodegradable soluble and particulate COD and N...

Separate treatment of high-nutrient sidestream is an efficient and cost effective way to decrease the loading on the main plant, resulting in lower effluent nutrient concentration. This study investigated the use of a combined forward osmosis-membrane distillation (FO-MD) system for the removal of nitrogen present in high concentration in sidestream from anaerobic digestion process. The combine...