objective (s): transdermal preparations for testosterone are becoming popular because of their unique advantages such as avoidance of first-pass effect, convenience, improved bioavailability, and reduction of systemic side effects. a novel testosterone transdermal delivery system (tdds) was developed using a palm oil base called hamintm (a commercial product) and tested using in vitro and in vi...

many properties of chemicals depend on their stereochemistry. among these, the effects of stereoisomerism on percutaneous absorption of drugs are not well studied. we have previously shown that permeation of tretinoin and isotretinoin (two geometric isomers) through hydrophilic enhancers-treated rat skin is stereoselective. as, depending on their lipophilicity, penetration enhancers can change ...

objective(s):drug delivery through the skin can transfer therapeutic levels of drugs for pharmacological effects. analgesics such as nsaids have gastrointestinal side effects and topical dosage forms of these drugs are mainly preferred, especially for local pains. meloxicam is one of nsaids with no topical form in the market. in this research, we attempted to quantify the skin permeation of a m...

preformulation studies on transdermal dosage forms involve liberal use of animal skin for assessing the permeation characteristics of drugs, influence of permeation enhancers, optimizing the formulation variables etc. the restricted availability of animal skin due to concerns regarding prevention of cruelty to animals has generated considerable interest in developing polymeric films for use as ...

nicotine transdermal systems are being used as an aid to smoking cessation programs. as the kinetics of nicotine delivery is important in success of a smoking cessation program, rapid and high input of nicotine is required, which is not possible by passive methods and requires enhancement strategies such as iontophoresis. iontophoretic permeation, of nicotine looks promising, based on published...

antimicrobial therapy remains to be the most important method of wound infection treatment. systemically administered antimicrobials may not achieve therapeutic level in wound. on the other hand, in the absence of surgical debridement (due to any reason), most topically applied antimicrobials cannot penetrate the wound in therapeutic amount due to the presence of eschar. burn eschar is a protei...

a topical preparation containing aceclofenac was developed using an o/w microemulsion system. isopropyl myristate was chosen as the oil phase as it showed a good solubilising capacity. pseudo-ternary phase diagrams were used to obtain the concentration ranges of the oil, surfactant (labrasol) and co-surfactant (plurol oleique) for microemulsion formation. five different formulations were formul...

Objective(s):Drug delivery through the skin can transfer therapeutic levels of drugs for pharmacological effects. Analgesics such as NSAIDs have gastrointestinal side effects and topical dosage forms of these drugs are mainly preferred, especially for local pains. Meloxicam is one of NSAIDs with no topical form in the market. In this research, we attempted to quantify the skin permeation of a m...

Excised human skin is utilized for in vitro permeation experiments to evaluate the safety and effect of topically-applied drugs by measuring its skin permeation and concentration. However, ethical considerations are the major problem for using human skin to evaluate percutaneous absorption. Moreover, large variations have been found among human skin specimens as a result of differences in age, ...

Nicotine transdermal systems are being used as an aid to smoking cessation programs. As the kinetics of nicotine delivery is important in success of a smoking cessation program, rapid and high input of nicotine is required, which is not possible by passive methods and requires enhancement strategies such as iontophoresis. Iontophoretic permeation, of nicotine looks promising, based on published...