We introduce a general methodology for displaying the gross assumptions behind any carbon emissions trajectory, relative to a reference trajectory, and we apply this methodology to a limited number of IPCC SRES scenarios [1]. These scenarios have been used widely for climate change analysis. We examine four scenarios (A1B, A2, B1, B2) together with three paired “post-SRES” scenarios [2, 3] that...

Two statistical downscaling models, the non-homogeneous hidden Markov model (NHMM) and the Statistical Down–Scaling Model (SDSM) were used to generate future scenarios of both mean and extremes in the Tarim River basin,which were based on nine combined scenarios including three general circulation models (GCMs) (CSIRO30, ECHAM5,and GFDL21) predictor sets and three special report on emission sce...

two statistical downscaling models, the non-homogeneous hidden markov model (nhmm) and the statistical down–scaling model (sdsm) were used to generate future scenarios of both mean and extremes in the tarim river basin,which were based on nine combined scenarios including three general circulation models (gcms) (csiro30, echam5,and gfdl21) predictor sets and three special report on emission sce...

Nature's way of dealing with unhealthy conditions is unfortunately not one that compels us to conduct a solvent hygiene on a cash basis. 1919, George Bernard Shaw The Global Unified Meta-model of the BiOsphere (GUMBO) was used to simulate how the socioeconomic conditions specified in the Special Report on Emission Scenarios (SRES) of the IPCC (Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change) influenc...

Anthropogenic global warming caused by CO2 emissions is strongly and fundamentally linked to future energy production. The Special Report on Emission Scenarios (SRES) from 2000 contains 40 scenarios for future fossil fuel production and is used by the IPCC to assess future climate change. Previous scenarios were withdrawn after exaggerating one or several trends. This study investigates underly...

Climate change will significantly affect plant distribution as well as the quality of medicinal plants. Although numerous studies have analyzed the effect of climate change on future habitats of plants through species distribution models (SDMs), few of them have incorporated the change of effective content of medicinal plants. Schisandra sphenanthera Rehd. et Wils. is an endangered traditional ...

This study describes the methodology and results for calculating future global aviation emissions of carbon dioxide and oxides of nitrogen from air traffic under four of the IPCC/SRES (Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change/Special Report on Emissions Scenarios) marker scenarios: A1B, A2, B1, and B2. In addition, a mitigation scenario has been calculated for the B1 scenario, requiring rapid ...

Projections of future climate change depend upon future anthropogenic greenhouse gas emissions. In preparation for its Fifth Assessment Report, the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change implemented a new approach to generating emissions scenarios, called ‘Representative Concentration Pathways’ (RCPs), which replace the scenarios in the ‘Special Report on Emissions Scenarios’ (SRES). The RCP...