Suppose k + 1 runners having nonzero constant speeds run laps on a unit-length circular track starting at the same time and place. A runner is said to be lonely if she is at distance at least 1/(k + 1) along the track to every other runner. The lonely runner conjecture states that every runner gets lonely. The conjecture has been proved up to six runners (k ≤ 5). A formulation of the problem is...

conclusions the results suggested that severely thin girl runners has steadily increased. surveys on the health consequences of extreme thinness are necessary for the female adolescent runners. methods body mass index (bmi) were analysed in 9,881 female and 12,786 male runners participating in the annual national road relay races between 1989 and 2014 using the directory of a track and field ma...

Selected short distance runners, middle distance runners and long distance runners were subjected to graded exercise on a treadmill. The maximum aerobic power (VO2 max) and other indices related to oxygen transport system viz. heart rate, ventilation volume, breathing reserve, dyspnoeic index, O2 pulse and RQ were recorded at respective VO2 max work loads, and the values were compared. Long dis...

Running research has focused on reducing injuries by changing running technique. One proposed method is to change from rearfoot striking (RFS) to forefoot striking (FFS) because FFS is thought to be a more natural running pattern that may reduce loading and injury risk. Muscle activity affects loading and influences running patterns; however, the differences in muscle activity between natural F...

OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to investigate the kinetics, kinematics and muscle activity in runners with Achilles tendinopathy. DESIGN Case-control study. SETTING Biomechanics laboratory. PARTICIPANTS 21 runners free from injury and 21 runners with Achilles tendinopathy performed 10 running trials with standardised running shoes. Injured runners were diagnosed clinically according ...

BACKGROUND Healthy elite runners often report bronchial symptoms when training in subzero temperatures. The occurrence and causes of exercise-induced bronchospasm after heavy exercise in cold air were investigated in elite runners. METHODS Thirty two non-asthmatic runners, mostly from Finnish national teams, volunteered to take part in the study. They answered a questionnaire and were subject...

PURPOSE The purpose of this study was to evaluate the incidence of chronic knee changes in long-distance runners based on the training status, including distance, running frequency, training pace, and running experience. METHODS MRI of the knee was performed in 26 non-professional runners 5 days after their last training unit. Lesions of the menisci and cartilage (5-point scale), bone marrow ...

Sixty male distance athletes were divided into three equal groups according to their personal best time for the 10km run. The runners were measured anthropometrically and each runner completed a detailed questionnaire on his athletic status, training programme and performance. The runners in this study had similar anthropometric and training profiles to other distance runners of a similar stand...

The annual injury incidence rate among the 36 million runners in the United States is approximately 50%. The majority of those injuries occur at the knee joint. The purpose of this study was to measure lower extremity eccentric work and average vertical loading rates among four groups of runners. Seventy-four healthy runners volunteered for this study. The four groups of runners consisted of tr...