Through natural development the ruminant stomach has achieved an efficient microbial digestion of plant fibre and also of almost all other plant constituents; synthesis of microbial polysaccharide and protein and of certain vitamins also occurs. The products of microbial digestion are utilized by ruminants, but they are not identical with the products of digestion in non-ruminants. I n this Sym...

© 2012 Lawal-Adebowale, licensee InTech. This is an open access chapter distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. Dynamics of Ruminant Livestock Management in the Context of the Nigerian Agricultur...

The acquisition of hypsodont molars is often regarded as a key innovation in the history of ruminant ungulates. Hypsodont ruminants diversified rapidly during the later Neogene, circa 15-2 Myr ago, and came to dominate the ruminant fossil record in terms of species diversity. Here we show that hypsodont clades had higher speciation and diversification rates than other clades. Hypsodont species ...

background: the distribution and ecological preferences of ticks of domestic animals in north of iran were studied four times a year from 2002 to 2005. methods: a total of 1720 tick specimens were collected from cattle, sheep and goats from different localities of caspian sea areas consisting of guilan, mazandaran, golestan and ardebil provinces, iran. results: fourteen tick species were identi...

Background Ruminant dung is a highly ephemeral, patchily distributed resource, which is utilized by a diverse community of invertebrate species. This ecologically important community may be affected adversely by insecticide and endectocide residues in the faeces of treated cattle. The aim of the present work was to quantify the aggregation of the insects colonising cow-dung in cattle pastures a...

tissue nutrient supply may be synchronized with endogenous physiological rhythms to optimize animal and human health. glucose tolerance and insulin sensitivity have endogenous rhythms that are not essentially dependent on food type and eating. human glucose tolerance declines as day comes into night. based on such evolutionary findings, large evening meals must be avoided to reduce risks of vis...

background: the distribution and preferences of ticks of animals in central of iran were studied four times a year. methods: one thousand seven tick specimens were collected from different localities including isfahan, chaharmahalbak­htiary, eastazarbaijan, west azerbaijan, kordestan, kermanshah, lorestan and fars. results: most of sampled animals in this area were infested. we also encountered...

Objective- To get a concrete information about nature, cause and geographic distribution of ruminant congenital malformation in certain areas of Bangladesh. Design- Clinical study. Animals- A total 76 ruminant calves and kids having congenital deformities were studied. Procedures- Surgical intervention for each case was carried out after proper diagnosis and post operative care with systemic an...

The impairment of water quality by faecal pollution is a global public health concern. Microbial source tracking methods help to identify faecal sources but the few recent quantitative microbial source tracking applications disregarded catchment hydrology and pollution dynamics. This quantitative microbial source tracking study, conducted in a large karstic spring catchment potentially influenc...