over the two last decades, distribution companies have been aware of the importance of paying attention to the all aspects of a distribution system simultaneously to be successful in the global market. these aspects are the economic, the environmental, the social and the safety aspects. in the vehicle routing problem (vrp) literature, the economic issue has often been used, while the environmen...

Since Paxson’s study over ten years ago, the Internet has changed considerably. In particular, routers often perform load balancing. Disambiguating routing changes from load balancing using traceroute-like probing requires a large number of probes. Our first contribution is FastMapping, a probing method that exploits load balancing characteristics to reduce the number of probes needed to measur...

One of the key issues in the study of multiple route protocols in mobile ad hoc networks (MANETs) is how to select routes to the packet transmission destination. There are currently two route selection methods: primary routing policy and load-balancing policy. Many ad hoc routing protocols are based on primary (fastest or shortest but busiest) routing policy from the self-standpoint of traffic ...

Energy aware routing protocols can be classified into energy saver and energy manager. Energy saver protocols decrease energy consumption totally. Most of them try to find the shortest path between source and destination to reduce energy consumption. But energy manager protocols balance energy consumption in network to avoid network partitioning. Finding best route only based on energy balancin...

In this paper we improved the Dynamic Source Routing (DSR) protocol to Load Balanced DSR (LBDSR) protocol. We modified control messages in DSR in order to maintain remained energy of intermediate nodes. Routes discovered by these modified control messages, have a remained energy array field which shows total of remained battery power of all nodes in a route. Selecting a route is depending on le...

MapReduce has become a popular model for large-scale data processing in recent years. Many works on MapReduce scheduling (e.g., load balancing and deadline-aware scheduling) have emphasized the importance of predicting workload received by individual reducers. However, because the input characteristics and user-specified map function of a given job are unknown to the MapReduce framework before ...

We present a novel holistic approach (called IC – Intra-route and Inter-route Coordination) to prolong the sensor network lifetime under the end-to-end delivery delay constraint. IC is composed of two lifetime balancing modules: (i) the IntraRoute Coordination module that allows the nodes on the same route to balance their nodal lifetimes through adjusting the MAC behaviors collaboratively; (ii...

In this paper we develop a Load Balancing scheme for networks based on the MPLS framework. The proposed algorithm (DYLBA Dynamic Load Balancing Algorithm) implements a local search technique where the basic move is the modification of the route for a single Label Switched Path. Experiments under a dynamic traffic scenario show a reduced rejection probability especially with long-lived connectio...