The optimization of nitrogen application for root crops such as radish is important not only for yield and product quality (sponginess and hollowness) but also for the environment. Therefore, we evaluated the effect of four levels of N application (0, 150, 300 and 450 mg l-1 N) on three radish cultivars (Saxa, Red Fuoko and White Ghiaccio) grown in pots in autumn/winter (from mid-October to mid...

The complaint from hearing aid wearers of hollowness in the sound of their voice is typically associated with excessive low-frequency sound pressure level (SPL) in the ear canal. Increasing the vent diameter and/or reducing the gain in the low frequency would typically minimize this complaint. This paper reports on a case where the origin of hollowness was insufficient low-frequency gain compar...

The efficacy of "noise-reduction" hearing aids in reducing the hollowness perception of one's own voice during vocalization was examined. Binaural Siemens 283 ASP hearing aids were worn by 2 groups of listeners, one with primarily high-frequency loss (Group A) and one with loss in both high- and low-frequencies (Group B). Electroacoustic parameters on the hearing aids were adjusted initially fo...

The airborne sounds produced by freely vibrating hollow and solid bars were synthesized according to the equations of bar motion from theoretical acoustics, and were presented to listeners over headphones. In a two-interval, forced-choice task, listeners were asked to distinguish between the hollow and solid bar sounds as bar length was varied at random from one presentation to the next. All ot...

We ask why pharmacological cognitive enhancement (PCE) is generally deemed morally unacceptable by lay people. Our approach to this question has two core elements. First, we employ an interdisciplinary perspective, using philosophical rationales as base for generating psychological models. Second, by testing these models we investigate how different normative judgments on PCE are related to eac...

Windmill palm (Trachycarpus fortunei) fibre was obtained from different parts of windmill-palm trunk sheath and then treated by sodium hydroxide solution and hydrogen peroxide to obtain the treated palm fibril. The appearance of raw windmill palm fibre and treated palm fibril, morphological characteristics, and statistical analysis of fibril length, diameter, and degree of hollowness were studi...

Results: The median tumor basal diameter was 5.0 mm and thickness was 1.5 mm. Nevus growth into melanoma occurred in 2%, 9%, and 13% of eyes at 1, 5, and 10 years, respectively. Factors predictive of growth into melanoma by multivariable analysis included tumor thickness greater than 2 mm (P .001), subretinal fluid (P = .002), symptoms (P = .002), orange pigment (P .001), tumor margin within 3 ...