In a notebook he kept while composing the Principles, Berkeley reminded himself “To use the utmost Caution not to give the least Handle of offence to the Church or Church-men” (N, §715). This remark is prima facie puzzling, for Berkeley certainly seems to be defending conservative religious conclusions of the sort the ‘Church-men’ ought to find quite amenable. Since it is difficult to understan...

Introduction: Flabby or fibrous ridge is one of the consequences of long term wearing of complete dentures. It can develop where hyperplasic soft tissue replaces the alveolar bone and is a common finding, particularly in the upper anterior region of long term denture wearers. Forces exerted during impression making can result in distortion of the mobile tissue unless managed appropriately; such...

The infra-temporal fossa (ITF) contains major vessels and cranial nerves. It is divided into two regions: the retro-styloid region, which includes cranial nerves IX and XII, the jugular foramen, and the internal carotid artery; and the pre-styloid region, which includes the trigeminal and facial nerves [1]. The penetration of trans-orbital injuries is rarely observed in emergency departments, a...

We propose a sweep-based approach to the freeform deformation of three-dimensional objects. Instead of using a volume enclosing the whole object, we approximate only its deformable parts using sweep surfaces. The vertices on the object boundary are bound to the sweep surfaces and follow their deformation. Several sweep surfaces can be organized into a hierarchy so that they interact with each o...

Serious gaming is developing among all modern armies for teaching and training as well as for developing new concepts of engagement. To reach a realistic level of simulation, online planning techniques provide an expressive and constructive approach to define basic tactical activities. To achieve a mission goal, a virtual soldier must follow a short-term plan that can be quickly reprocessed in ...

We present a method for creating geometric models of dendritic forms. Dendritic shapes are commonplace in the natural world; some examples of objects exhibiting dendritic shape include lichens, coral, trees, lightning, rivers, crystals, and venation patterns. Our method first generates a regular lattice with randomly weighted edges, then finds least-cost paths through the lattice. Multiple path...