exposure to pesticides could be one of the contributing cause to the falling sperm counts and rising levels of male infertility. adverse effects of pesticides in the environment first received widespread attention in the 1960s. however, only recently it has been postulated that long term, low exposure of these chemicals are increasingly linked to human health effects such as immuno-suppression,...

Exposure to pesticides could be one of the contributing cause to the falling sperm counts and rising levels of male infertility. Adverse effects of pesticides in the environment first received widespread attention in the 1960s. However, only recently it has been postulated that long term, low exposure of these chemicals are increasingly linked to human health effects such as immuno-suppression,...

objective: to correlate serum estrogen levels with cognitive functions calculated objectively as per mini mental state examination (mmse) in the females in reproductive age group and those attaining menopause. materials and methods: this study was conducted in christian medical college and hospital, ludhiana, punjab, india. 150 subjects (100 postmenopausal females and 50 regularly menstruating ...

The steroid hormone progesterone plays a central role in the reproductive events associated with pregnancy establishment and maintenance. Physiological effects of progesterone are mediated by interaction of the hormone with specific intracellular progesterone receptors (PRs) that are expressed as two protein isoforms, PR-A and PR-B. Both proteins arise from the same gene and are members of the ...

Objective(s): To benefit from reproduction and deal with challenges in the environmental conditions, animals must adapt internal physiology to maximize the reproduction rate. Maladaptive variations in the neurochemical systems and reproductive system can lead to manifestation of several significant mammalian reprocesses, including mammalian ovarian lifespan. RFamide-related peptide (RFRP, Rfrp)...

Background The highly sensitive period of preimplantation development represents that embryo is very vulnerable to exogenous agents. Many of the developmental abnormalities may arise from the inevitable maternal periconceptional exposures to toxic substances in the environment which may threaten reproductive capability and pregnancy outcomes. In this article, an overview of the association betw...

The mammalian testis is a complex organ that serves two important functions, synthesis of steroids, with significant amount of estrogenic hormones produced and production of spermatozoa. Estrogen receptors (ERs) are expressed in cells of the testis as well as the epididymal epithelium. We have demonstrated that estrogen receptor expression is higher in reproductive tissues as compared to non-re...