The effectiveness of a nonvegetated lab-scale subsurface flow constructed wetland for wastewater treatment had been evaluated with the feed ammonium concentration of approximately 20-40 mg of NH4(+)-N L(-1) and a hydraulic retention time of approximately 10 d. The present system had a nitrification zone plus a sulfur/limestone (S/L) autotrophic denitrification zone followed by an anaerobic poli...

OBJECTIVE To investigate the role of the superficial zone in regulating the frictional response of articular cartilage. This zone contains the superficial protein (SZP), a proteoglycan synthesized exclusively by superficial zone chondrocytes and implicated in reducing the friction coefficient of cartilage. DESIGN Unconfined compression creep tests with sliding of cartilage against glass in sa...

Among seasonal practices that affect grape quality, selective leaf removal at the cluster zone is accepted as a powerful technique to manipulate flavonoid content of grapes and wines. However, most of research on fruit-zone defoliation has been conducted under temperate climate and it remains uncertain if cluster exposure would be a recommendable practice in semiarid viticultural areas. In this...

Hirsutism is one of the most prevalent health problems in women. The aim of the study was to compare the effect of 755 nm alexandrite hair removal laser with that of alexandrite laser plus topical licorice on the improvement of idiopathic hirsutism. A double-blind, randomized placebo-controlled study was performed on 90 female subjects. The patients were divided into two groups: alexandrite las...

To achieve high efficiency of nitrogen and phosphorus removal and to investigate the rule of simultaneous nitrification and denitrification phosphorus removal (SNDPR), a whole course of SNDPR damage and recovery was studied in a pilot-scale, anaerobic-anoxic oxidation ditch (OD), where the volumes of anaerobic zone, anoxic zone, and ditches zone of the OD system were 7, 21, and 280 L, respectiv...

[1] Stream aquifer hydrology and nitrate removal were studied, over a period of 2 years, in an unsaturated riparian zone, bounded by an intermittent Mediterranean stream, (Fuirosos, northeastern Spain). The riparian groundwater system is characterized by drastic hydrological changes and by mixing of stream water with hillslope groundwater. The hillslope groundwater flowed through a medium with ...

[1] Transformation processes in the euphotic and mesopelagic zones are of crucial importance to the biological pump and global elemental cycles. In this study, elemental stoichiometries and chemical compositions of particulate and dissolved organic matter (DOM) were investigated in the euphotic and upper mesopelagic zones of the North Pacific Subtropical Gyre. The distributions of bacterial bio...

The effectiveness of removal of nonaqueous phase liquids (NAPLs) from the entrapment source zone of the subsurface has been limited by soil heterogeneity and the inability to locate all entrapped sources. The goal of this study was to demonstrate the uncertainty of degree of source removal associated with aquifer heterogeneity. In this demonstration, source zone NAPL removal using surfactant-en...

The infiltration of dense non-aqueous-phase liquids (DNAPLs) into the saturated subsurface typically produces a highly contaminated zone that serves as a long-term source of dissolved-phase groundwater contamination. Applications of aggressive physical-chemical technologies to such source zones may remove > 90% of the contaminant mass under favorable conditions. The remaining contaminant mass, ...