Intergenerational Earnings Mobility and Preferences for Redistribution This paper analyzes the extent to which intergenerational upward and downward mobility in earnings are related to individuals’ preferences for redistribution. A novel survey question from the German Socio-Economic Panel Study – whether the taxes paid by unskilled workers are too high, adequate or too low – are used to elicit...

if global trade were fair, it is argued, then international aid would be unnecessary and inequalities inherent to the economic system would be justifiable. here, we argue that while global trade is unfair, in part because richer countries set the rules, we believe that additional interventions must go beyond trade regulation and short-term aid to redress inequalities among countries that will p...

pulse irrigation is consisted of an irrigation phase and a resting or non-operative irrigation phase. water intermittent use causes that advance front with less volume water over continuous irrigation is completed, which it effect on the pattern of soil moisture. another important subject in trickle irrigation is water distribution in non- operative irrigation that called redistribution. amount...

conclusions the results of this work demonstrated that the subcellular distribution of pfdn1 was altered in the rabv-infected n2a cells and colocalized with the n protein of rabv in the nbl structures. results confocal microscopy showed that pfdn1 was colocalized with the n protein of rabv in the infected n2a cells and was mainly recruited to the characteristic negri-body-like (nbl) structures ...

The Border Gateway Protocol (BGP) is the protocol used to distribute Internet routes between different organizations. BGP routing policies are very important because they enable organizations to enforce their business relationships by controlling route redistribution and route selection. In this paper, we investigate the semantic of BGP policies. We aim to determine whether two policies are equ...

Among the adaptive-grid methods, redistribution and embedding techniques have been the focus of more attention by researchers. Simultaneous or combined adaptive techniques have also been used. This paper describes a combination of adaptive-grid embedding and redistribution methods on semi-structured grids for two-dimensional invisid flows. Since the grid is semi-structured, it is possible to us...

Analytical Solutions and type curves for the constant rate radial flow of fluid in both conventional and naturally fractured reservoirs including the effect of wellbore phase redistribution are presented. An automated procedure for non-linear least square minimization using the analytical solutions and their derivatives with respect to the unknown parameters developed to analyze the pressur...

This paper investigates causal relations between economic growth, income inequality, and transmission channels during the period 1972 to 2016. These channels include saving rate, investment rate, redistribution policies, human capital, and conspicuous consumption. There is no strong evidence that supports uni-directional or bi-directional causality. In addition, some of the transmission channel...

structural health monitoring of cracked structures is one of beloved subject of researchers recently. consider of crack behavior in the water and energy pipeline is important because of environmental problems. in this paper consider of crack parameters in the underwater pipe subjected to mechanical transient load is investigated. for this purpose, three- dimensional parametric model of cracked ...

despite the mythology that the global economy with its trade rules creates a ‘level playing field,’ international trade has never involved ‘level players.’ the inequalities in outcomes generated by the more powerful winning more frequently has led to innovative ideas for ex post redistribution to make the matches between the players both fairer, and in the analogy to basketball used by the auth...