repeating x-ray radiographs, as a common problem in radiology units, represent additional, non-billable costs due to increased film, chemistry, and equipment use as well as increased personnel time. furthermore, patients receive additional radiation exposure from repetitions and must remain on the premises until the second exam is completed. compounding the overt negative financial impact on th...

abstract background: the radiographic image accuracy depends on the x-ray film information visibility. good visibility is found by good contrast. radiation exposure parameters (kvp, mas) and film processing conditions have impact on contrast. in dentistry radiography machines, exposure time and processing procedure are set by radiographer. no optimized exposure time and processing conditions ma...

the aim of this study is to compare the sensitometric properties of commonly used radiographic films processed with chemical solutions in different workload hospitals. the effect of different processing conditions on induced densities on radiologic films was investigated. two accessible double emulsions fuji and kodak films were exposed with 11-step wedge and processed with champion and cpac pr...

One of the problems in modelling radiographic inspections concerns the film characteristics as the last step in the radiographic modelling chain, throughout which the energy deposited by the incoming radiation is to be converted to a grey value. This conversion depends not only on the total dose absorbed by the film, but also on the radiation’s spectrum and to a lesser extent also on the incide...

One of the problems in modelling radiographic inspections concerns the film characteristics as the last step in the radiographic modelling chain, throughout which the energy deposited by the incoming radiation is to be converted to a grey value. This conversion depends not only on the total dose absorbed by the film, but also on the radiation’s spectrum and to a lesser extent also on the incide...

BACKGROUND Since the shift from a radiographic film-based system to that of a filmless system, the change in radiographic examination costs and costs structure have been undetermined. The activity-based costing (ABC) method measures the cost and performance of activities, resources, and cost objects. The purpose of this study is to identify the cost structure of a radiographic examination compa...