In mobile communication systems, bandwidth is a precious commodity, and service providers are continuously faced with the challenge of accommodating more users within a limited allocated bandwidth. Linear Predictive Coding (LPC) offers low bit-rate speech coding that can be used to meet this challenge. The lower the bit rate at which the coder can deliver toll quality speech, the more speech ch...

The hyperphosphorylated guanosine derivatives ppGpp and pppGpp represent global regulators of the bacterial stress response, as they act as central elements of the stringent response system. Although it was assumed that both, (p)ppGpp synthesis and hydrolysis, are catalyzed by one bifunctional RSH-protein in the actinobacterial model organism Corynebacterium glutamicum ATCC 13032, two putative ...

Air-mobile speech communication applications share robustness and noise immunity requirements with other mobile applications. The quality requirements are stringent, especially in the cockpit where air safety is involved. Based on these considerations, a decision was made to test an intermediate data rate such as 8.0 and 9.6 kb/s as proven technologies. A number of vocoders and codec technologi...

Abstract. This work presents and analyzes a new Residual Local Projection stabilized finite element method (RELP) for the non-linear incompressible Navier–Stokes equations. Stokes problems defined element–wisely drive the construction of the residual-based terms which make the present method stable for the finite element pairs P1/Pl, l = 0, 1. Numerical upwinding is incorporated through an extr...

Abstract. A new residual local projection stabilized method (RELP) is proposed as a result of an enriched Petrov-Galerkin strategy for the Oseen problem. The P 1 × Pl pairs, l = 0, 1 with continuous or discontinuous pressures, are made stable by enhancing them with solutions of residual-based local Oseen problems and performing a static condensation procedure afterward. This process does not in...

A new symmetric local projection method built on residual bases (RELP) makes linear equal-order finite element pairs stable for the Darcy problem. The derivation is performed inside a Petrov-Galerkin enriching space approach (PGEM) which indicates parameter-free terms to be added to the Galerkin method without compromising consistency. Velocity and pressure spaces are augmented using solutions ...

bovine theileriosis is important disease in tropical and subtropical areas with great economic losses in livestock husbandry in iran. the aim of study was to assess the prevalence of theileria annulata infection in cattle and hyalomma species of kermanshah province, iran. a number of 138 blood samples were randomly taken from examined cattle. the genomic dna was extracted and pcr was performed ...