The purpose of current study is to produce groundwater qanat potential map using frequency ratio (FR) and Shannon's entropy (SE) models in the Moghan watershed, Khorasan Razavi Province, Iran. The qanat is basically a horizontal, interconnected series of underground tunnels that accumulate and deliver groundwater from a mountainous source district, along a waterbearing formation (aquifer), and ...

Abstract Qanat is an ancient water harvesting technology which used for irrigation, agriculture and drinking in many countries of the world. A key element preserving this heritage calculating their protection area. In study, main aim depiction hydraulic harim qanat with usage meshless numerical method. Afterward, package has been added to model delineate qanat. Two systems are shown here: one a...

Qanats in northern Xinjiang of China provide valuable information for agriculturists and anthropologists who seek fundamental understanding of the distribution of qanat water supply systems with regard to water resource utilization, the development of oasis agriculture, and eventually climate change. Only the tops of qanat shafts (TQSs), indicating the course of the qanats, can be observed from...

in dry parts of asia and africa where the rain was sparse and the surface water inadequate, man has had to search for-other sources of water namely ground water. through this need he learned to tap ground water and extract it to the surface. thus qanats were developed in persia.techniques of qanat construction were later introduced by persians to parts of asia and dry lands of africa.constructi...

A large number of approaches have been developed to simplify construction of, and to reduce errors in, data-driven applications. However, these approaches have not been particularly concerned with compile-time type safety. Type mismatch errors between program and the database schema occur quite often during program development, and the techniques used in these approaches often defer error check...

In a wide range of the central boundaries of the Iranian plateau, encompassing an important part of the arid areas in Asia, the phenomenon of desertification is a long his tory. In this arid and waterless expanse, living conditions are fully dependent on access to water due to the supremacy of the Kavirs and deserts. The most important and oldest ways of obtaining water have been Qanat or Kariz...