background and objectives: citrobacter freundii is an opportunistic pathogen causing nosocomial infections and resistant to various antibiotics. we aimed to determine the clonal relationship of c. freundii isolates using pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (pfge). materials and methods: fifty clinical isolates of c. freundii were collected from the main hospital in kermanshah. after antibiotic sus...

background acinetobacter calcoaceticus baumannii (acb) complex are gram-negative opportunistic bacteria with low virulence properties. their resistance to antibiotics has become a matter of concern in hospital infections. objectives the present study aimed to determine the prevalence and antimicrobial susceptibility of acb isolates collected from the nemazee hospital of shiraz. in addition, pul...

background: failure in the treatment of burn patients infected with pseudomonas aeruginosa could happen as a result of the acquisition of antibiotic resistance, including carbapenems. objectives: the aim of the present study was to investigate the phenotypic and genotypic characteristics of the pseudomonas aeruginosa strains, isolated from burn patients. patients and methods: during a 12 month ...

background and objective: acinetobacter baumannii is an aerobic non-motile gram-negative bacterial pathogen that is resistant to most antibiotics. carbapenems are the most common antibiotics for the treatment of infections caused by this pathogen. mechanisms of antibiotic-resistance in a. baumannii are mainly mediated by efflux pumps-lactamases. the aim of this study was to determine antibiotic...

conclusions molecular epidemiology studies of infectious diseases have been useful when bacterial isolates have been clustered in a period of time and in different geographical regions with variable antibiotic resistance patterns. in spite of high geographical differences and different antibiotic resistant patterns, low genetic diversity among the studied tb isolates may refer to the low rate o...

DNA molecules in an agarose matrix elongate and migrate toward the anode when exposed to an electric field. An agarose matrix represents a highly irregular network with pores of various dimensions, large open areas, and regions with different densities. During electrophoresis, migration will be retarded by obstructions that prevent sieving by size and result in "end-on" migration as if through ...

conclusions the obtained results revealed that there has been a high rate of genetic diversity in bioluminescent strains isolated from gulf of izmir and v. lentus and v. crassostreae strains could be also bioluminescent for the first report. at the same time, pfge analysis of bioluminescent bacteria including four different genera and ten different species were shown for the first time by this ...

conclusions these results indicated that eaec strains isolated from iranian children with diarrhea were heterogeneous and showed high resistance rates against commonly used antibiotics, which was similar to that reported in studies performed in other countries. results significant percentage of local eaec strains carried the virulence plasmid genes and formed biofilms. in addition, these strain...

abstract background: methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus (mrsa) is a significant challenge to the burn patient. the implementation of proper monitoring programs and prompt identification of epidemic mrsa strains are critical to consequently control and eradicate potential outbreaks. this study aimed to define the genetic relatedness of mrsa strains isolated from burn patients by analyzi...