this research was carried out in order to evaluate the influence of different concentrations of ethanol and methanol (0, 4, 6 and 12%) and two pulse treatments (12 and 24 hour) on longevity of cut standard-carnation (sensi cultivar) in a factorial based on randomized completely design with three replications, at tehran university, aboreyhan pardis, horticulture department, during 2010. the resu...

background & aim : pulse oximetry is a frequently used and standard non-invasive method for monitoring oxygen (o2)-saturation in blood. many factors including dark skin and pigmentation may effect on rate of saturation of the blood oxygen absorbed by pulse oximetry. the effect of nail polish and/or henna color on blood oxygen has not been yet identified and the present study has been carried ou...

leaf yellowing is a major problem in postharvest of alstroemeria cut flowers. for delaying of leaf yellowing and increasing flower quality a completely randomized factorial design was carried out on the alstroemeria cut flowers (‘fuji’ cultivar). in this research ethanol (0, 2, 4, 6%), ga3 (0, 50, 100, 150 mg/litre) in two methods (pulse and continuous) were investigated on the flower vese life...

Based on the modified Kogelnik diffraction efficiency equation, we study the diffraction intensity spectrum and the total diffraction efficiency of reflection volume holographic gratings in photorefractive media. Taking photorefractive LiNbO3 crystal as an example, the effect of the grating parameters and the pulse width on the diffraction properties is presented under the influence of crystal ...

In this article, to study the effect of pulse-type near-fault earthquakes on the seismic demands of steel moment frames, 15-story 2D-frame was analyzed under the influence of 20 near-fields with forward directivity effect and 2 far-field records. The relationship between Effective Cyclic Energy, ECE and displacement demands, velocity and hysteretic curve of SDOF systems in two near- and far-fau...

background: this study is the first research investigating the possible effect of pulsed power signals on the characteristics of cortical bone by comparing the mechanical properties of this type of bone pre and post expose to pulsed power. methods: a positive buck-boost converter was applied to generate adjustable high voltage, high frequency pulses (up to 500 v and 10 khz). the functional beha...

We show, by simple classical arguments, that the explicit time dependence of the ponderomotive potential causes both a shift and a broadening of the photoelectron lines in high-intensity multiphoton experiments. If the laser pulse is short enough, some of the energy from the absorbed photons will be lost by an electron when it separates from the pulse. Since different atoms are ionized at diffe...

The electron mass shift in a laser field has long remained an elusive concept. We show that the mass shift can exist in pulses but that it is neither unique nor universal: it can be reduced by pulse shaping. We show also that the detection of mass shift effects in laser-particle scattering experiments is feasible with current technology, even allowing for the transverse structure of realistic b...