In recent decades, "Public Sphere" is one of the most important concepts in political science. Jurgen Habermas the famous thinker in this approach is the first to use this concept in critical thinking, where he demonstrates how networking is used for communicative actions. Habermas has not included the Internet as an important part of his thought process in the "public sphere", however, I think...

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along with improvement and expansion if computational communications and increasing access of various peoples to the internet and virtual social networks, a lot of theoretical endeavors have been spent for studying the internet and its political and social effects. during these attempts, the concept of public sphere in the framework of habermas's theory has a significant status. accordingl...

Public libraries have been associated with a Habermasian public sphere, but articulations between public libraries and the public sphere remain undefined. To make fuller sense of the public sphere as it relates to public libraries, we used qualitative content analysis as a research methodology to study 12 Carnegie Library of Pittsburgh annual reports from 1900 to 2010. We identified 6 dimension...