The legacy of socio-economic injustice which was inherited from the Natives Land Act of 1913 continues to haunt the majority of black South Africans. The land dispossession of the indigenous people of South Africa under this Act caused poverty which is still prevalent in our country today. Many South Africans, especially black South Africans, are trapped in a cycle of poverty that emerged as a ...

abstract the present study attempted to experimentally analyze the effect of fiscal illusion in the form of flypaper effect on spending demand levels of provincial governments in iran. to this aim, theoretical foundations and literature review were presented, and then the model used for investigation was specified. finally, using time series data for provinces of iran during 2000-2013 estimatio...

background fiscal decentralization (fd) in many cases is encouraged as a strong means of improving the efficiency and equity in the provision of public goods, such as healthcare services. this issue has urged the researchers to experimentally examine the relationship between fiscal decentralization indicators and health outcomes. in this study we examine the effect of fiscal decentralization in...

one of the biggest problems of using data envelopment analysis for the evaluation of performance is the weakness of the separability for the decision maker units. this problem is generalizable because of the lower quantity of units in comparison with the ¬input and output quantities of the model [1]. this matter considerably reveals itself in the evaluation process of 23 provincial gas companie...

The first aim of this study is to assess the effectiveness of activities, strategies and processes associated with managers’ empowerment based on the National Human Resource Empowerment Model in Iran. The second aim is to propose a provincial model of human resources empowerment for managers and executives. To collect data, a qualitative research approach including semi-structured interviews an...

According to the newly introduced water resources management in China, which is the most stringent thus far, pollution limits of water functional zones should be enhanced. In response to this recent change, we propose a provincial initial water rights incentive allocation model with total pollutant discharge constraint. Firstly, three objective functions are set up, namely the maximum comprehen...

This paper introduces the spatial panel autocorrelation model, utilizes C-D production functions, constructs the spatial econometric model and finally studies the spatial correlativity between provincial economic growth and logistics. By using the spatial package of Matlab software, it verifies the possibility if there is the remarkable autocorrelation of the Chinese provincial economic growth ...

Abstract The present study attempted to experimentally analyze the effect of fiscal illusion in the form of Flypaper effect on spending demand levels of provincial governments in Iran. To this aim, theoretical foundations and literature review were presented, and then the model used for investigation was specified. Finally, using time series data for provinces of Iran during 2000-2013 estimat...

Background Fiscal Decentralization (FD) in many cases is encouraged as a strong means of improving the efficiency and equity in the provision of public goods, such as healthcare services. This issue has urged the researchers to experimentally examine the relationship between fiscal decentralization indicators and health outcomes. In this study we examine the effect of Fiscal Decentralization in...