results one hundred and eighty-eight anesthesiologists (84.3 %) agreed to participate in the study. while all participants had made their first attempts in neuraxial blocks (nbs) when they were residents, this ratio was detected as 96.8% for pbs. all participants learned neuraxial and pbs on patients in the operating theater. education proficiency ratios for spinal, epidural and pbs were 98.1 %...

background and purpose: professional autonomy in nursing is defined as working in a self-determined environment and making decisions based on professional judgment. this study aimed to evaluate professional autonomy and its association with individual factors in nurses employed at teaching hospitals affiliated to kerman university of medical sciences in the southeast of iran in 2013. methods: t...

background education is crucial to improve the preventive behaviors of patients with hepatitis b. the professional collaboration of care-centered model (pccc) is one novel educational model that has shown promising effects in recent studies. objectives thus, this study aimed to assess the effects of patient education based on pccc on the knowledge of patients with hepatitis b regarding preventi...

APPAM members do a lot of what might be called “applied social science research.” They use scientific methods to describe problems of concern to public policy, to explore their causes, and to estimate the effects of existing policies. This laudable commitment to empiricism, however, often inhibits analysts from taking the next step that is logically required of policy thinking: asking “What if....

background & aim: nursing practice is influenced by nurses' precived professional values. a small number of studies have been focused to measure professional values in nursing, whereas most of them focused on measuring values of nursing students. this study aimed to explore how nurses prioritize professional values. methods & materials: in this cross-sectional study, the professional values of ...

This review highlights the non-clinical training needs of new consultants, identifying strategies for meeting these needs. Non-clinical activities are integral to the consultant's role and senior clinicians need training in these areas. Concerns over the quantity and quality of current provision are compounded by changes the European Working Time Directive and Modernising Medical Careers initia...

Professional development is critical in providing constant updates on EFL teachers’ teaching practice. This mixed methods study was conducted to explore the effects of participation in action research on EFL teachers’ practice. Eighteen junior school English teachers participated in this study. Teacher participants conducted their action research during a five-month period. The quantitative pha...

This policy document is intended to assist the developers and users of “Professional Practice Guidelines” that become policy of the American Psychological Association (APA). It is a revision and integration of two earlier policy documents from APA: “Criteria for Practice Guideline Development and Evaluation” (APA, 2002c) and “Determination and Documentation of the Need for Practice Guidelines” ...