This study investigated the responses of low-weight day-old chicks to zinc bacitracin and Bacillus mixture on growth performance, hematology, intestinal selected microbiota populations, and carcass characteristics. A total of 192 unsexed Lohman MB-202 day-old broiler chicks were randomly allotted to four dietary treatment groups of 48 chicks each (6 replicates of 8 chicks) and fed for 35 days. ...

We established sterile clones of a medicinal plant dragonhead Dracocephalum charkeviczii Prob. (Lamiaceae). used shoots the plants from natural habitat, notably leaf nodes with axillary bud, as explants, sterilized explants in 0.1 % Diocide for 4 minutes and cultivated them on agarized nutrient half-strength MS medium vitamins, 2 sucrose, 0.4 agar, 1 mg/l indolylbutyric acid (IBA), or 0.5 1.0 6...

IL-7 plays a critical role in B cell fate decision by regulating early B cell factor (EBF) expression. However, it was not clear when IL-7 stimulation is necessary in hemato-/lymphopoiesis in adult mice. Here we show that pre-proB cells derived from IL-7-/- mice have lost B cell potential, despite up-regulation of EBF expression following IL-7 stimulation. Pre-proB cells from wild-type mice can...

The study was conducted to evaluate the impact of feeding multistrain probiotic on breast muscle characteristics of avian pathogenic Escherichia coli (APEC) infected broilers. Three hundred and thirty six Lohmann MB-202 day-old-chicks were divided to four treatment groups, including CNTRL (chicks receiving basal diet and not infected), APEC (chicks receiving basal diet and infected with APEC), ...

In the present study, a series of experiments were conducted to evaluate the ability of a combination of 3 ATCC lactobacilli (LAB3) or a commercially available probiotic culture (PROB) to reduce Salmonella enterica serovar Enteritidis (Salmonella Enteritidis) in broiler chicks. Additionally, we varied the timing of PROB administration in relationship to Salmonella challenge and determined the i...

Lactobacillus probiotics have been investigated in periodontitis. However, the effects of the genus Bifidobacterium on periodontitis are hardly known. This study evaluated the effects of the probiotic (PROB) Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. lactis (B. lactis) HN019 as an adjunct to scaling and root planing (SRP) in rats with experimental periodontitis (EP). At baseline, 32 rats were assigned to ...

Abstract Even though the core of Prolog programming language has been standardized by ISO since 1995, it remains difficult to write complex programs that can run unmodified on multiple implementations. Indeed, implementations sometimes deviate from standard and itself fails cover many features are essential in practice. Most applications thus have rely nonstandard features, often making them de...

The ProB disprover uses constraint solving to find counterexamples for B proof obligations. As the ProB kernel is now capable of determining whether a search was exhaustive, one can also use the disprover as a prover. In this paper, we explain how ProB has been embedded as a prover into Rodin and Atelier B. Furthermore, we compare ProB with the standard automatic provers and SMT solvers used in...

Features. Animation is one of the most useful features of ProB that is not currently supported by the TLAtool chain. It allows a user to interact with the specification by discovering the statespace step by step and to evaluate expressions on the current state. Animation could be especially useful for newcomers to get familiar with TLA. Moreover, the ProB animator can be used to control a graph...