le chatelier's principle is used as a very simple way to predict the effect of a change in conditions on a chemical equilibrium. . however, several studies have reported the violation of this principle, still there is no reported simple mathematical equation to express the exact condition of violation in the gas phase reactions. in this article, we derived a simple equation for the violati...

Le Chatelier's principle is used as a very simple way to predict the effect of a change in conditions on a chemical equilibrium. . However, several studies have reported the violation of this principle, still there is no reported simple mathematical equation to express the exact condition of violation in the gas phase reactions. In this article, we derived a simple equation for the violation of...

Detailed chemical kinetic modeling based on computational quantum chemistry has been quite successful in making quantitative predictions about some systems, particularly the combustion of small hydrocarbons and certain areas of atmospheric chemistry. The gas phase chemistry of many processes in high-temperature inorganic systems, from materials synthesis to propulsion to waste incineration, cou...

We consider ultracold, chemically reactive scattering collisions of the diatomic molecules KRb. When two such molecules collide in an ultracold gas, we find that they are energetically forbidden from reacting to form the trimer species K2Rb or Rb2K, and hence can only react via the bond-swapping reaction 2 KRb → K2 + Rb2. Moreover, the tiny energy released in this reaction can in principle be s...

We prove Archimedes' principle for a macroscopic ball in ideal gas consisting of point particles with non-zero mass. The main result is an asymptotic theorem, as the number goes to infinity and their total mass remains constant. also show that, asymptotically, has exponential density function height. find inverse temperature gas. derive accurate estimate volume phase space using local central l...

The development of low cost, highly efficient, desulfurization technology with integrated sulfur recovery remains a principle barrier issue for integrated gasification combined cycle power generation plants. For coal-derived synthesis gases with low sulfur content, direct air injection can be utilized to selectively oxidize the hydrogen sulfide present into elemental sulfur via the reaction H2S...

The direct link between microstructure and material properties is the core principle underpinning modern material science and engineering. Phase transformations in solids and solidification of melts have been extensively studied to the point where the key elementary processes, process steps and process variables are well understood. Less well investigated and less well understood are the change...

High pellets ratio operation forced by burden material restrictions at Kobe Steel resulted in the development of a center coke charging process based on centralized gas flow principle. This methodology produced a novel approach to burden distribution, coal combustion and pellets operation, in which these processes are viewed as part of a chain reaction. As a result of these developments, furnac...