BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Abnormal cerebral microstructure has been documented in term neonates with congenital heart disease, portending risk for injury and poor neurodevelopmental outcome. Our hypothesis was that preterm neonates with congenital heart disease would demonstrate diffuse cerebral microstructural abnormalities when compared with critically ill neonates without congenital heart disea...

background: the objective of this study is to assess the safety and preventative effects of aminophylline on the incidence of chronic lung disease (cld) in very premature infants. methods: this was a long follow‑up randomized clinical trial. the prophylactic effect of aminophylline on the incidence of cld was investigated in very premature infants. the study group received aminophylline for the...

Neonatal intensive care unit personnel and parents often are concerned that developmental assessment will tire preterm neonates and impair their feeding ability and subsequent weight gain. Therefore, the amount of fluid consumed by 108 preterm neonates (<or=36.5 wk gestational age) was compared before and after administration of the Neurobehavioral Assessment of the Preterm Infant (NAPI). In ad...

Respiratory support improvements have aided survival of premature neonates, but infection susceptibility remains a predominant problem. We previously reported that neonatal mice have a rapidly evolving T-cell receptor (TCR) repertoire that impairs CD8+ T cell immunity. To understand the impact of prematurity on the human CD8+ TCR repertoire, we performed next-generation sequencing of the comple...

During the first weeks of life, preterm neonates show fewer circadian rhythms in their physiological parameters than full-term neonates. To determine whether preterm neonates differ in their temporal adaptation to the day-night cycle from full-term neonates at the early age of 1 week, we compared activity-rest behavior of both groups. Activity-rest behavior of 10 neurologically healthy preterm ...

OBJECTIVES Preterm neonates are at increased risk of sepsis compared with those born at term. We investigated immune status at birth and early neonatal life in very preterm neonates and its association with short-term outcomes. METHODS Prospective observational study conducted at a university hospital recruiting 113 preterm neonates (23-32 weeks) and 78 controls. Monocyte major histocompatibi...

OBJECTIVE To determine and to compare the levels of secretory immunoglobulin A in samples of colostrum and milk of mothers of term and preterm neonates. MATERIAL AND METHODS The levels of secretory immunoglobulin A of 10 mothers of term neonates and 10 mothers of preterm neonates were determined from 5 mL of colostrum or milk collected on the 1st, 4th, 10th and 15th days of the puerperal peri...

To further investigate the neutrophil dysfunction of newborn infants, we have measured expression of the neutrophil Fc gamma receptors FcRIII and FcRII in extremely immature preterm neonates born at 24 to 32 weeks of gestation. Fc receptor expression was measured by FACS analysis of cells stained with monoclonal antibody Leu11b for FcRIII and IV-3 for FcRII. "Well" preterm neonates displayed re...

OBJECTIVE To examine the effect of hypertensive disease of pregnancy (HDP) on the development of respiratory distress syndrome (RDS) in preterm neonates. DESIGN A retrospective cohort study. SETTING All neonatal intensive care units in New South Wales and the Australian Capital Territory. PATIENTS A total of 18,845 preterm neonates aged between 24 and 36 weeks gestation admitted to the un...

background: necrotizing enterocolitis (nec) is one of the most destructive diseases associated with conditions of neonatal prematurity. supplementation with enteral prebiotics may reduce the incidence of nec, especially in infants who fed exclusively with breast-milk. therefore, we compared the efficacy and safety of enteral supplementation of a prebiotic mixture (short chain galacto-oligosacch...