Solvent additives (cosolvents, osmolytes) modulate biochemical reactions if, during the course of the reaction, there is a change in preferential interactions of solvent components with the reacting system. Preferential interactions can be expressed in terms of preferential binding of the cosolvent or its preferential exclusion (preferential hydration). The driving force is the perturbation by ...

The aim of this communication was to expand the results of numerical analyses performed by Sun et al. on their experimental solubility of fenofibrate in aqueous mixtures of ethanol and acetone at 298.15 K, in terms of the evaluation of the preferential solvation of this compound by the organic solvents and water in the saturated mixtures based on the inverse Kirkwood-Buff integrals (IKBI). ...

Preferential interaction measurements between proteins and monosodium glutamate were carried out to arrive at an understanding of the mechanism of its strong effect on tubulin stability and self-assembly into microtubules. For all proteins studied, i.e. bovine serum albumin, lysozyme, beta-lactoglobulin, and calf brain tubulin, the protein showed a large preferential hydration in the presence o...

Computer study via molecular mechanics and Monte Carlo methods reveals some interesting features of hydration of nucleic acid bases. The calculations of interactions of one water molecule with each of bases allow to find the sites of preferential hydration. The energy of interactions with some sites is changing upon Watson-Crick pair formation. Hydration of all the H-bonded base pairs is less f...

Interaction of non-electrolytes such as urea with proteins especially at lower concentrations is opening-up newer concepts in the understanding of protein stability and folding in proteomics. In this study, the secondary and tertiary structural characteristics and thermal stability of human serum albumin at lower concentrations of urea have been monitored. The protein attains a molten globule l...

Poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) is a hydrophilic nonionic polymer used in many biochemical and pharmaceutical applications. We report the four diffusion coefficients for the PEG-KCl-water ternary system at 25 degrees C using precision Rayleigh interferometry. Here, the molecular weight of PEG is 20 kg mol(-1), which is comparable to that of proteins. The four diffusion coefficients are examined and...

We report the four diffusion coefficients for the lysozyme-MgCl2-water ternary system at 25 degrees C and pH 4.5. The comparison with previous results for the lysozyme-NaCl-water ternary system is used to examine the effect of salt stoichiometry on the transport properties of lysozyme-salt aqueous mixtures. We find that the two cross-diffusion coefficients are very sensitive to salt stoichiomet...