a new intelligent photovoltaic (PV) panel structure to extract the maximum power in mismatch irradiance is proposed. In conventional structures, difference of irradiance between series panels can cause the deviation of maximum power point. In this condition tracking MPP becomes difficult and reduces efficiency. Improvements in power electronics and its effects in PV industrial technology, devel...

Two mismatch functions (power or current) and three coordinates (polar, Cartesian and complex form) result in six versions of the Newton–Raphson method for the solution of power flow problems. In this paper, five new versions of the Newton power flow method developed for single-phase problems in our previous paper are extended to three-phase power flow problems. Mathematical models of the load,...

Two mismatch functions (power or current) and three coordinates (polar, Cartesian and complex form) result in six versions of the Newton–Raphson method for the solution of power flow problems. In this paper, five new versions of the Newton power flow method developed for single-phase problems in our previous paper are extended to three-phase power flow problems. Mathematical models of the load,...

SAR-ADC is best suited for low power applications where power has a trade-off with speed. Use of redundant circuitry reduces the on chip area making it cost effective. DAC is one of the components of SAR-ADC that introduces error voltage due to mismatch and consumes large power other than comparator. Low power DAC architectures have been studied and analysed. To account for capacitor mismatch i...

The accommodation-vergence mismatch has been considered as a cause of the visual fatigue induced in watching 3D display. We would propose the mismatch can be compensated by refractive power of adjustable-focus 3D glasses. From lens optics and geometrical considerations, we also developed equations that calculate required refractive power of the 3D glasses. The compensation we proposed is suppos...

This paper presents the design of a calculable standard dipole antenna with a hybrid balun in the frequency range of 1 GHz to 3 GHz. A new formula of an antenna factor is derived by using the power mismatch-loss concept. The antenna factors derived in this paper are in good agreement with the results calculated from S-parameters. The design results show that the calculable dipole antenna with a...

The effects of current mismatch and shading on the power output of single photovoltaic (PV) modules are well analyzed, but only few investigations address mismatch losses at a PV system level that also limit the annual energy yield. The simple question, what happens if PV strings with different numbers of modules are connected in parallel, has not yet been discussed in detail. In case of string...