Author for correspondence: Professor A. Subramoniam Former Director, Tropical Botanic Garden and Research Institute, Thiruvananthapuram-695562, Kerala, India Residence: Vininivas, T.C. 14/80, Anyara (P.O.), Near KIMS Hospital, Thiruvananthapuram-695029, Kerala, India E-mail: [email protected] Tel.: +91-09496093609 ANNALS OF PHYTOMEDICINE An International Journal Annals of Phytomedicine 2(1...

To achieve the desired therapeutic objective, the drug product must deliver the active drug at an optimal rate and amount. By proper biopharmaceutic design, the rate and extent of drug absorption (also called as bioavailability) or the systemic delivery of drugs to the body can be varied from rapid and complete absorption to slow and sustained absorption depending upon the desired therapeutic o...

Phytomedicine has become an important alternative treatment option for patients in the Western world, as they seek to be treated in a holistic and natural way after an unsatisfactory response to conventional drugs. Ever since herbal remedies have been introduced in the Western world, clinicians have raised concerns over their efficacy and possible side-effects. A PubMed (Medline) search was per...

1 Phytomedicine, Toxicology and Reproductive Biochemistry Research Laboratory, Department of Biochemistry, University of Ilorin, Ilorin 240003, Nigeria 2 Phytomedicine, Environmental Toxicology and Plant Biochemistry Research Laboratory, Department of Biological Sciences, Al-Hikmah University, Ilorin 240001, Nigeria 3 Department of Agriculture, Faculty of Applied Sciences, Cape Peninsula Univer...

In Germany since 1980, more than 300 clinical studies have been carried out with standardized phytopharmaceuticals, including Crataegus, Silybum, Ginkgo, Hypericum, Sabal, Urtica, Kava-Kava, Allium sativum, Valeriana, Aesculus, Echinacea, and Viscum drugs. These studies assessed the efficacy of phytopharmaceuticals for the treatment of moderate or moderately severe diseases and prevention. Seve...