BACKGROUND Therapeutic ultrasound to drive medication (phonophoresis) has been a mainstay in physical therapy. The most common drug used in phonophoresis is hydrocortisone acetate (HA). A number of studies have been done examining phonophoresis in the delivery of HA through the skin to underlying tissues; however, a study has never been done examining the absorption of HA using phonophoresis on...

OBJECTIVE Treatment of patients with anterior cervical osteophytes causing dysphagia includes conservative treatment with anti-inflammatory drugs, muscle relaxants, antibiotics, and an appropriate soft diet. Physical therapy with its advantages may be an alternative method in the treatment, which was not reported previously. CASE DESCRIPTION Phonophoresis therapy is applied in nine patients w...

Background. This article examines the therapeutic effects of phonophoresis with ketoprofen in gel form in patients with enthesopathy of the elbow. Ultrasonic therapy and phonophoresis have their primary application in the physical therapy of this disorder. The main aim of this study was to assess the effectiveness of phonophoresis. Material and methods. The research group consisted of 19 patien...

OBJECTIVE The main purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of virgin olive oil phonophoresis on female athletes' anterior knee pain (AKP). MATERIALS AND METHODS A double blinded randomized clinical trial was conducted. Ninety-three female athletes suffering from AKP voluntarily participated in this study. Patients were randomly assigned into olive oil (n=31), piroxicam (n=31) or bas...

This study was designed to compare the efficacy of double-modality therapy, phonophoresis and cryotherapy in the management of pain among subjects who suffered from musculoskeletal injuries (MSIs).Sixty (60) subjects were assigned randomly to one of three groups: DMT group (n=20) received cryotherapy and 15% methyl salicylate phonophoresis, PHONO group (n=20) received 15% methyl salicylate phon...

The effect of phonophoresis was assessed using Frund’s complete adjuvant (FCA) induced arthritis in rats. Plumbago zeylanica (0.5g) root extract was prepared to obtain 0.5% gel. The animals were divided into four groups. Group I serves as normal. Group II to IV served as arthritis animals induced by FCA. Group III and IV treated with ultrasound and phonophoresis (Application of ultrasound along...

The aim of the present study was to investigate the erythrocyte levels of lipid peroxidation (MDA), and antioxidant enzyme activities in Frund’s complete adjuvant (FCA) induced arthritis in rats. . Group I serves as normal. Group II to IV served as arthritis animals induced by FCA. Group III and IV treated with ultrasound and phonophoresis (Application of ultrasound along with Plumbago zeylanic...

objective: the main purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of virgin olive oil phonophoresis on female athletes' anterior knee pain (akp). materials and methods: a double blinded randomized clinical trial was conducted. ninety-three female athletes suffering from akp voluntarily participated in this study. patients were randomly assigned into olive oil (n=31), piroxicam (n=31) o...

The purpose of this study was to compare the efficacy of ibuprofen phonophresis versus topical application of ibuprofen in improvement of hand grip strength in psoriatic arthritic patients. Methods: Forty patients who had asymmetrical psoriatic arthritis in hand participated in this study. Their ages ranged from 30 to 50 years. Patients were classified randomly into two groups of equal numbers;...

PURPOSE Low-frequency ultrasound has a significant effect on the transdermal permeation of high molecular weight drugs. However, the rate of permeation in pulsed mode is quite low necessitating considerable time to apply the ultrasound. 0.5 MHz ultrasound, which is a relatively higher frequency in the low-frequency range, can be applied in high intensity in continuous mode. METHODS A transduc...