There are a lot of learners all around the world, who are studying in the field of English, but not all of them are proficient in any field of English such as (literature-teaching-translation), and especially in the field of translation which requires a considerable knowledge of two languages such as English and Persian. The present article intended to consider the contrastive of English and Pe...

translation, whose first traces date back at least to 3000 bc (newmark, 1988), has always been considered time-consuming and labor-consuming. in view of this, experts have made numerous efforts to develop some mechanical systems which can reduce part of this time and labor. the advancement of computers in the second half of the twentieth century paved the ground for the invention of machine tra...

Translation, whose first traces date back at least to 3000 BC (Newmark, 1988), has always been considered time-consuming and labor-consuming. In view of this, experts have made numerous efforts to develop some mechanical systems which can reduce part of this time and labor. The advancement of computers in the second half of the twentieth century paved the ground for the invention of machine tra...

Semantic lexicons and lexical ontologies are some major resources in natural language processing. Developing such resources are time consuming tasks for which some automatic methods are proposed. This paper describes some methods used in semi-automatic development of FarsNet; a lexical ontology for the Persian language. FarsNet includes the Persian WordNet with more than 10000 synsets of nouns,...

in the present paper, we are to put forth a paradigm for the systematic study of modality in persian.with this end in view, we consider modality as a linguistic phenomenon that can be expressed at the level of sentence, at the level of constituents smaller than sentence and/or at the level of discourse. in such a system where sentential modality, sub-sentential modality and discourse modality a...

arabic languages is not a foreign language for us as iranins is the language of our religion and islamic culture. thus to protect our religion and culture. we should learn it. because arabic is not our native language. so one way to learn it is through the comparison and contrast of structure and grammatical points of arabic and persian. this issue is very helpful in translating a text. this ar...

This paper describes the procedure of semantic role labeling and the development of the first manually annotated Persian Proposition Bank (PerPB) which added a layer of predicate-argument information to the syntactic structures of Persian Dependency Treebank (known as PerDT). Through the process of annotating, the annotators could see the syntactic information of all the sentences and so they a...

The standard view of superlatives treats them as a subkind of adjectives. However, in many languages, superlatives require the presence of a determiner, even in the predicate position. This leads to an apparent contradiction, since it is independently known that determiners syntactically combine with extended NP projections and are excluded with APs. This issue is resolved if superlative adject...