Meibomian gland dysfunction (MGD) is believed to be the leading cause of dry eye (DE) disease worldwide. The connection between aging and MGD has long been recognized. However, few studies have addressed the relationship between MGD and hormone replacement therapy (HRT) in perimenopausal women, and not have examined the prevalence of MGD in perimenopausal women. The purpose of this study was to...

We aimed to investigate the prevalence, severity, associations and risk factors of perimenopausal syndrome, depression and anxiety in perimenopausal women in Shanghai, China. A total of 2336 individuals aged 40 to 60 years were analyzed. The self-reported questionnaire was used to obtain useful information. Risk factors for perimenopausal syndrome, depression and anxiety were analyzed by multip...

Limited information was focused on perimenopausal syndrome and mood disorders (depression and anxiety) in a specific population: perimenopausal women. We aimed to investigate the prevalence and severity of perimenopausal syndrome and mood disorders, and to analyze their relationships and risk factors in perimenopausal women in Shanghai, China.A cross-sectional study was performed on 1062 women ...

BACKGROUND Hormonal fluctuations during menopause lead to endocrine changes in women, especially in their sex steroid hormone production. Studies have documented the role of estrogen and progesterone (Pg) on autoimmune disorders such as multiple sclerosis, systemic lupus erythematosus, and rheumatoid arthritis. Lichen planus (LP), an autoimmune disorder, seen frequently in perimenopausal women,...

BACKGROUND An imbalance in the production of proinflammatory and anti-inflammatory cytokines may play a role in the pathophysiology of perimenopausal depression. The aim of this study was to examine serum levels of the proinflammatory cytokines interleukin 6 (IL-6) and tumor necrosis factor α (TNFα), and the anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-10, in perimenopausal women suffering from depression. Fu...

The purpose of this study was to determine the longitudinal association between menopausal vasomotor symptoms (VMS) and urinary N-telopeptide level (NTX) according to menopausal stage. We analyzed data from 2283 participants of the Study of Women's Health Across the Nation, a longitudinal community-based cohort study of women aged 42 to 52 years at baseline. At baseline and annually through fol...

BACKGROUND Increasing age, increased body mass index (BMI), and abnormal lipid profiles contribute to an increased risk of vitamin D deficiency. Women who have a perimenopausal and postmenopausal reduction in estrogen levels are a high-risk group for vitamin D deficiency. The aims of this study were to compare the serum vitamin D levels, lipid profile, and BMI between perimenopausal and postmen...

Serum alkaline phosphatase (ALP), a gross marker of bone turnover, has been reported to be elevated after menopause, a period characterized by hallmark increases in follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH). Whether the ALP rise coincides with the perimenopausal transition when changes in FSH, estrogen levels, and menstrual cycles are first apparent is not known. The purpose of this cross-sectional st...

OBJECTIVES Many women have turned to complementary and alternative medicines for relief from their perimenopausal symptoms. The prevalence of plant-based medicine use among perimenopausal women highlights the need for investigation into these interventions. The aim of this study was to evaluate the benefit of soy preparations for the treatment of perimenopausal symptoms by performing a systemat...

OBJECTIVES Midlife women's knowledge, positive attitudes and management toward menopause may improve the quality of peri and post-menopause life. This study was to identify correlations of the knowledge, attitude, symptoms and management toward menopause in middle-aged women. METHODS We used a cross-sectional questionnaire study applying to 231 perimenopausal and menopausal women aged from 40...