This paper investigates a novel design of penternary logic gates usingcarbon nanotube field effect transistors (CNTFETs). CNTFET is a suitable candidate forreplacing MOSFET with some useful properties, such as the capability of having thedesired threshold voltage by regulating the diameter of the nanotubes. Multiple-valuedlogic (MVL) such as ternary, quaternary, and penternary is a promising al...

This paper introduces a new design of penternary inverter gate based on graphene nanoribbon field effect transistor (GNRFET). The penternary logic is one of Multiple-valued logic (MVL) circuits which are the best substitute for binary logic because of its low power-delay product (PDP) resulting from reduced complexity of interconnects and chip area. GNRFET is preferred over Si-MOSFET for circui...

The penternary chalcogenides Cu2CoSn(SeS)4 and Cu2ZnSn(SeS)4 were successfully synthesized by hot-injection method, and employed as a catalytic materials for efficient counter electrodes in dye-synthesized solar cells (DSSCs). The structural, compositional, morphological and optical properties of these pentenary semiconductors were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), Raman spectroscopy, t...

We introduce a new formal logic, called equality propositional logic. It has two basic connectives, $boldsymbol{wedge}$ (conjunction) and $equiv$ (equivalence). Moreover, the $Rightarrow$ (implication) connective can be derived as $ARightarrow B:=(Aboldsymbol{wedge}B)equiv A$. We formulate the equality propositional logic and demonstrate that the resulting logic has reasonable properties such a...

In information security, ignorance is not bliss. It is always stated that hiding the protocols (let the other be ignorant about it) does not increase the security of organizations. However, there are cases that ignorance creates protocols. In this paper, we propose distributed contingency logic, a proper extension of contingency (ignorance) logic. Intuitively, a formula is distributed contingen...

New trends and the effect of key factors influence the quality of the holes produced by ECM processes. Researchers developed a fuzzy logic controller by adding intelligence to the ECM process. Maintaining optimum ECM process conditions ensures higher machining efficiency and performance. This paper presents the development of a fuzzy logic controller to add intelligence to the ECM process. An e...

this paper will examine ibn sina’s theory of the conditional syllogism from a purely logical point of view, and will lay bare the principles he adopted for founding his theory, and the reason why the newly introduced part of his logic remained undeveloped and eventually was removed from the texts of logic in the later islamic tradition. as a preliminary discussion, this paper briefly examines i...