abstract the present study investigated the effects of task types and involvement load hypothesis on incidental learning of 10 target words (tws) in junior high schools (jhss) in givi, ardabil. the tasks deployed in this study were two input-based tasks (reading plus dictionary use with an involvement index of 3, and reading plus gap-fill task with an involvement index of 2), and one output-ba...

abstract the present study was conducted in order to investigate the impact of an integrated model of form-focused and task-based instruction on iranian efl learners vocabulary learning and retention.it also aimed to detect efl learners attitude towards the implementation of form-focused task-based vocabulary instruction in the classroom. in order to address the purposes of this study, a sampl...

learning-oriented assessment seeks to emphasise that a fundamental purpose of assessment should be to promote learning. it mirrors formative assessment and assessment for learning processes. it can be defined as actions undertaken by teachers and / or students, which provide feedback for the improvement of teaching and learning. it also contrasts with equally important measurement-focused appro...

   Explaining the characteristics of peer-to-peer learning: A qualitative study Introduction: Learning through peers is an educational method. Explaining the characteristics of learning with the help of peers has not been done in a study, so the purpose of this study was to explain the characteristics of learning with the help of peers. Materials and Methods: This qualitative study was perfo...

the present study was an attempt to compare the effect of peer metalinguistic corrective feedback on elementary and intermediate efl learners speaking ability to see which level benefits more from this type of feedback. to this end, 117 female efl learners at grade 3, al-zahra high school in kermanshah, iran were non-randomly chosen. the homogeneity of the participants was attained through a pi...

Peer is one of the effective educational strategies for teaching students having special needs in the learning comprehensive system. Comprehensive education is a phenomenon based on normalization and its goal is to prepare the individual with the special needs for a suitable life in the society. In the comprehensive learning students with special needs will attend normal classes studying n...

Introduction: Recently, peer assessment is especially noticed as a progress evaluation method. Although it is a known method, it is a novel method in many countries that they use traditional methods. Then the topic of current review article is peer assessment in medical education. Methods: The documents related to peer assessment, advantages, disadvantages, applications and how use it extracte...