introduction : root canal treatment (rct) success criteria inform us of the path to bony healing and of prognostic factors, but tell little about how the patient perceives, feels, or values rct. patients choose, undergo, and pay for rct, they live with the result, and inform their community. the purpose of this narrative review was to appraise patient-centered outcomes of initial non-surgical r...

aim : this study compared pr and nb in predicting hcv patient costs. the objective of this study was to predict the direct cost of the hcv patient in iran. background : hepatitis c virus (hcv) is a common and expensive infectious disease in iran. cost associated with hcv and its complications has not been well characterized. analysis of cost data is important in providing consistent information...

background measures taken over the past four years in greece to reduce pharmaceutical expenditure have led to significant price reductions for medicines, but have also changed patient cost-sharing rates for prescription drugs. this study attempts to capture the resulting increase in patients’ out-of-pocket (oop) expenses for prescription drugs during the 2011-2014 period.   methods the authors ...

conclusions chronic hepatitis c-related liver diseases impose a substantial economic burden on patients, families and the society. the current study provides useful information on cost of treatment and work loss for different disease states, which can be further used in cost-effectiveness evaluations. results the total annual cost per patient for chronic hepatitis c, cirrhosis and hepatocellula...

OBJECTIVE This study analyzed the cost-effectiveness of delivering alcohol screening, brief intervention, and referral to treatment (SBIRT) in emergency departments (ED) when compared to outpatient medical settings. METHODS A probabilistic decision analytic tree categorized patients into health states. Utility weights and social costs were assigned to each health state. Health outcome measure...

Critical care providers are under increasing pressure to be attentive to cost concerns. The ICU consumes a significant amount of resources and, as such, is a frequently identified target of efforts to limit escalating healthcare costs. Attempts to reduce costs need not progress in a haphazard fashion. Rather, they can proceed in a logical, systematic manner with the assistance of formal economi...

OBJECTIVE This study aimed to develop a probabilistic decision support model to calculate the lifetime incremental cost-effectiveness ratio (ICER) between radical prostatectomy and watchful waiting for different patient groups. MATERIAL AND METHODS A randomized trial (SPCG-4) provided most data for this study. Data on survival, costs and quality of life were inputs in a decision analysis, and...

District eye programmes Here, approximately 80% of the needs for eye care services are relatively simple, such as refractive errors or cataract surgery. The remaining 20% is made up of more complex surgical interventions (including retinal or vitreous surgery, for example). When an eye programme is well designed and well managed, solutions for simple needs (80%) can be delivered close to commun...