bacteria usually cause disease in the gastrointestinal tract by colonization and growth in the gastrointestinal tract, where the micro organisms may invade the tissues of host or secretion of an exotoxin that is performed in food and then ingested by the host, examples of second group include: staphylococcal, bacillus cereus, clostridial (c.botulinum and c.perfringens type a) toxin. in this stu...

backgrounds soil is the first habitat for pathogenic fungi and one of the important fungal reservoirs. the soil-borne fungi are major cause for different degrees of allergy or serious diseases in human beings. objectives this current study aimed to determine the identities and diversity of the fungi associated with allergy, subcutaneous and even systemic fungal infections in an extensive region...

background and objectives: to find antagonistic bacteria with potential antifungal activity against some pathogenic fungi, including aspergillus niger , a. flavus, fusarium moniliforme and penicillium marneffei , a total of 148 agricultural soil samples from different sites of tehran were examined.  materials and methods: antagonistic soils were selected by screening against a. niger on glucose...

to determine the prevalence of bacterial mastitis in cattle, milk samples positive for california mastitistest (cmt) were cultured during a period of almost 4 years. the bacterial species isolated from 2904 milksamples studied were coagulase negative staphylococcus sp. in 879 (30.27%) samples, streptococcusagalactiae in 642 (22.11%), s. dysgalactiae in 332 (11.43%), e. coli in 295 (10.16%), sta...

background :   vibrio species including v. cholera , v. mimicus , v. parahaemolyticus , and v. vulnificus may cause gastrointestinal diseases after seafood consumption, and wound infections in swimmers and fishermen after exposing to seawater. this study determined the prevalence of the four vibrio species in tonkabon and ramsar recreational beach water (approximately 200 meter far from the pla...

background: monitoring of indicator and pathogenic microorganisms is essential for proper composting. the aim of this study was to evaluate the change in population of coliform bacteria and salmonella spp. in composting process of municipal wastes and after its application on soil. methods: the samples were taken from each raw waste pile, initial pile, and active phase pile, cooling phase pile ...

objective: microorganisms are responsible for many problems in industry and medicine because of biofilm formation. therefore, this study was aimed to examine the effect of thymus vulgaris (t. vulgaris) extracts on the planktonic form and biofilm structures of six pathogenic bacteria. materials and methods: antimicrobial activities of the plant extracts against the planktonic form of the bacteri...

anamorphs of pleosporaceae are important plant pathogenic fungi. despite efforts to clarify phylogenetic relationships of this group there is still uncertainty about taxonomic position of some genera. therefor to elucidate relationships among anamorphic form of some pleosporalean taxa, the internal transcribed spacer (its) and rna polymerase second largest subunit (rpb2) of some members were de...

waterborne outbreaks of pathogenic bacteria from contaminated water are serious threats forpublic health. coliform bacteria have been regarded as one of the most important indicators for monitoringpathogenic bacteria. to address potential pathogenic bacterial outbreaks, the distribution and diversity ofcoliform bacteria in jiahe river, which flows through densely-populated urban area in china, ...